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Improving preharvest sprouting resistance in durum wheat with bread wheat genes
Keita Kato1, Wakako Maruyama-Funatsuki1, Mikiko Yanaka1
1NARO Western Region Agricultural Research Center, 6-12-1 Nishifukatsu, Fukuyama, Hiroshima 721-8514, Japan.
Breeding Science
|February 6, 2018
Summary
Bread wheat genes conferring preharvest sprouting (PHS) resistance were introduced into durum wheat. Combining three specific genes significantly reduced PHS, offering new breeding strategies for this important crop.
Area of Science:
- Plant Breeding
- Genetics
- Agronomy
Background:
- Preharvest sprouting (PHS) is a significant challenge in durum wheat cultivation, particularly in Japan due to climate conditions.
- Limited genetic resources for PHS resistance exist in durum wheat, necessitating the exploration of alien germplasm.
Purpose of the Study:
- To introduce and evaluate PHS resistance traits from bread wheat into durum wheat.
- To identify key genetic factors contributing to PHS resistance in durum wheat.
Main Methods:
- Backcross breeding was employed to introgress an R-gene (red seeds), MFT gene, and QPhs-5AL QTL from resistant bread wheat ('Zenkoujikomugi') into durum wheat.
- Near-isogenic lines (NILs) were developed and evaluated for germination percentage (PG) and germination index (GI).
Main Results:
- NILs with red seeds exhibited lower PG and GI compared to the recurrent parent, with seed color being the most influential factor.
- A NIL combining all three introgressed sequences showed the lowest GI and PG, indicating significant PHS resistance.
- Among white-seeded NILs, the combination of MFT and QPhs-5AL provided the greatest PHS resistance.
Conclusions:
- The introgression of specific genetic factors from bread wheat can confer substantial PHS resistance to durum wheat.
- Bread wheat possesses valuable genetic resources that can be effectively utilized for improving PHS resistance in durum wheat breeding programs.
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