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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 15, 2026

Isolation of Cortical Microglia with Preserved Immunophenotype and Functionality From Murine Neonates
09:12

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Microglia immunophenotyping in gliomas.

Laura Annovazzi1, Marta Mellai1, Enrica Bovio1

  • 1Research Center, Policlinico di Monza Foundation, I-13100 Vercelli, Italy.

Oncology Letters
|February 6, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Microglia in gliomas can promote tumor growth by creating an immunosuppressive environment. Different microglia forms and their prevalence vary with glioma grade, impacting patient prognosis, especially in glioblastoma.

Keywords:
gliomasimmunosuppressionmacrophagesmicrogliaphagocytosis

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Area of Science:

  • Neuro-oncology
  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Microglia, the brain's resident immune cells, are increasingly recognized for their dual role in cancer, potentially supporting or inhibiting tumor progression.
  • In gliomas, microglia are hypothesized to adopt a pro-tumorigenic phenotype, contributing to an immunosuppressive microenvironment that fuels tumor growth, proliferation, and migration.
  • Identifying distinct microglia/macrophage populations and their functional states within the tumor microenvironment is crucial for understanding their impact on glioma.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize the distribution and forms of microglia/macrophages within gliomas.
  • To correlate the observed cellular phenotypes with glioma grade and patient survival.
  • To elucidate the functional significance of different microglia/macrophage populations in glioma progression.

Main Methods:

  • Immunohistochemical analysis using antibodies targeting Iba1, CD68, CD16, CD163, CD11b, CD45, c-MAF, and CD98 to identify and categorize microglia/macrophage populations.
  • Quantification of different cell forms (resting, reactive, intermediate, bumpy, macrophage-like) in normal brain tissue and gliomas of varying grades.
  • Correlation of cell counts and phenotypes with glioma malignancy grade and patient survival data.

Main Results:

  • Microglia/macrophage numbers significantly increased from normal brain to gliomas, with distinct forms predominating in different tumor regions and grades.
  • Ramified microglia were found in infiltrating areas, while intermediate, bumpy, and macrophage-like cells increased in solid tumors, particularly glioblastoma.
  • Macrophage-like cells, often expressing CD45 and c-MAF, were prevalent in high-grade gliomas and correlated with poorer glioblastoma survival (CD163+ cells), but not in IDH-mutant low-grade gliomas.

Conclusions:

  • Microglia/macrophage populations exhibit distinct morphologies and distributions that change with glioma progression and grade.
  • The increased presence of macrophage-like cells in high-grade gliomas suggests a significant pro-tumorigenic role, although phagocytic functions may be retained.
  • Specific microglia/macrophage markers, like CD163, may serve as prognostic indicators in glioblastoma, highlighting their complex role in glioma pathogenesis.