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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 15, 2026

Core/shell Printing Scaffolds For Tissue Engineering Of Tubular Structures

Core/shell Printing Scaffolds For Tissue Engineering Of Tubular Structures

Published on: September 27, 2019

Thrombi produced in stagnation point flows have a core-shell structure.

Bradley A Herbig¹, Scott L Diamond¹

¹Institute for Medicine and Engineering Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering 1024 Vagelos Research Laboratory University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, PA.

Cellular and Molecular Bioengineering

|February 6, 2018

Summary

Impinging flow microfluidics create blood clots with a distinct core-shell structure, even without fibrin. N-acetylcysteine significantly reduces platelet and von Willebrand factor deposition in these thrombi.

Keywords:

platelet shear stress von Willebrand factor

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Published on: April 23, 2018

Area of Science:

Biomedical Engineering
Cardiovascular Research
Hemodynamics

Background:

Diseased arteries with flow separation/reattachment exhibit atypical hemodynamics, including stagnation point flow, contributing to atherosclerosis.
Impinging flows and recirculation eddies are observed distal to coronary stenosis and diseased carotid bifurcations.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate thrombus formation under stagnation point flow conditions using a microfluidic device.
To characterize the structure and composition of thrombi formed in an impinging flow environment.

Main Methods:

A microfluidic device was used to perfuse whole blood perpendicular to a fibrillar collagen thrombotic surface, simulating stagnation point flow.
Side view visualization allowed for real-time observation of clot structure and composition under varying flow rates and blood biochemistry.

Main Results:

Platelet thrombi formed with a core-shell architecture: a fibrin-rich, P-selectin-positive core and a P-selectin-negative shell.
Von Willebrand factor (VWF) was present in clots at both low and high shear rates.
N-acetylcysteine markedly reduced platelet and VWF deposition.
Inhibiting fibrin polymerization with GPRP did not alter clot structure, indicating fibrin-independent stability.

Conclusions:

Microfluidic impinging flow models effectively generate thrombi exhibiting a core-shell structure.
Fibrin is not essential for the structural integrity of thrombi formed under these specific flow conditions.