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^{3}He-^{129}Xe Comagnetometery using ^{87}Rb Detection and Decoupling.

M E Limes1, D Sheng1, M V Romalis1

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This study presents a novel comagnetometer utilizing rubidium-87 atoms to polarize and detect helium-3 and xenon-129. The device achieves high precision, enabling Earth

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Area of Science:

  • Atomic physics
  • Quantum sensing
  • Geophysics

Background:

  • Noble-gas comagnetometers are crucial for precise measurements.
  • Spin-exchange relaxation and frequency shifts in atomic magnetometers pose significant challenges.
  • Existing methods require frequent recalibration and are sensitive to orientation changes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a ^{3}He-^{129}Xe comagnetometer with enhanced precision and stability.
  • To suppress spin-exchange relaxation and frequency shifts using novel techniques.
  • To achieve absolute accuracy sufficient for resolving Earth's rotation.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized ^{87}Rb atoms for noble-gas spin polarization and detection.
  • Employed a train of ^{87}Rb pulses and optical pumping for a finite-field Rb magnetometer.
  • Implemented 'dark' measurements with depolarizing π pulses to suppress frequency shifts and Bloch-Siegert shifts.

Main Results:

  • Achieved a frequency resolution of 7 nHz after 8 hours of integration.
  • Demonstrated the ability to resolve Earth's rotation without reorienting the comagnetometer.
  • Showcased suppression of spin-exchange relaxation and frequency shifts from polarized Rb atoms.

Conclusions:

  • The developed ^{3}He-^{129}Xe comagnetometer offers unprecedented precision and stability.
  • The novel pulse sequences effectively mitigate major sources of error in noble-gas magnetometry.
  • This technology has significant implications for fundamental physics and geophysics applications.