Electro-Optic Frequency Beam Splitters and Tritters for High-Fidelity Photonic Quantum Information Processing

Area of Science:

• Quantum Information Science
• Photonics
• Quantum Computing

Background:

• Quantum information processing relies on high-fidelity quantum gates.
• Frequency encoding offers a promising avenue for scalable quantum systems.
• Previous implementations faced challenges in fidelity and scalability.

Purpose of the Study:

• To experimentally realize high-fidelity photonic quantum gates for frequency-encoded qubits and qutrits.
• To demonstrate the effectiveness of electro-optic modulation and Fourier-transform pulse shaping for quantum gate operations.
• To establish foundational building blocks for scalable quantum information processing.

Main Methods:

• Utilized electro-optic modulation for precise control of photonic states.
• Employed Fourier-transform pulse shaping for advanced gate implementation.
• Developed frequency-encoded qubits and qutrits for quantum information storage.
• Implemented a frequency-based Hadamard gate and a balanced tritter for qutrits.

Main Results:

• Achieved near-unity fidelity (0.99998±0.00003) for the frequency-encoded Hadamard gate.
• Demonstrated concurrent operation on multiple qubits with high fidelity.
• Successfully implemented the first-ever balanced tritter for frequency modes with 0.9989±0.0004 fidelity.
• Showcased gate functionality across the entire C-band spectrum (1530-1570 nm).

Conclusions:

• The demonstrated quantum gates are crucial for scalable, high-fidelity quantum information processing.
• Frequency encoding provides a robust platform for advanced quantum computations.
• These results pave the way for practical quantum computing architectures.