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Area of Science:

  • Quantum physics
  • Condensed matter physics
  • High-energy physics

Background:

  • Many-body localization (MBL) typically requires disorder to prevent thermalization.
  • Gauge theories in condensed matter and high-energy physics are crucial for understanding fundamental interactions.
  • Understanding quantum dynamics in interacting systems is a key challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate many-body localization dynamics in lattice gauge theories without disorder.
  • To investigate the role of Gauss law in inducing localization-like behavior.
  • To explore entanglement growth and memory effects in such systems.

Main Methods:

  • Exact simulations of the real-time dynamics of a lattice Schwinger model.
  • Analysis of U(1) gauge fields coupled with staggered fermions.
  • Investigating translationally invariant states and Gauss law effects.

Main Results:

  • Many-body localization dynamics observed in the absence of disorder.
  • Gauss law effectively induces a disorder average over gauge superselection sectors.
  • Memory effects and slow, double-logarithmic entanglement growth found for large interactions.

Conclusions:

  • Lattice gauge theories can host MBL-like dynamics without disorder.
  • Findings are relevant for cold atom and trapped ion experiments with dynamical gauge fields.
  • A universal link between confinement and entanglement dynamics in localized phases is suggested.