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The function of the kidneys is to filter, reabsorb, secrete, and excrete. Every day the kidneys filter nearly 180 liters of blood, initially removing water and solutes but ultimately returning nearly all filtrates into circulation with the help of osmoregulatory hormones. This process removes wastes and toxins but is also crucial to maintain water and electrolyte levels. Most of these functions are performed by the tiny but numerous nephrons contained within the kidneys.
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The critical region, critical value, and significance level are interdependent concepts crucial in hypothesis testing.
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Updated: Feb 15, 2026

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Critical Bursts in Filtration.

Filippo Bianchi1, Marcel Thielmann2, Lucilla de Arcangelis3

  • 1Computational Physics for Engineering Materials, Institute for Building Materials, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland.

Physical Review Letters
|February 6, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Particle detachment bursts in filters exhibit power-law scaling and temporal correlations, akin to self-organized critical systems. Understanding these burst statistics can improve filter and petroleum industry efficiency.

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Area of Science:

  • Physics
  • Chemical Engineering
  • Complex Systems

Background:

  • Particle detachment bursts impact deep bed filter efficiency.
  • Statistical properties and temporal organization of these bursts are poorly understood.
  • Relevant to industrial filtration and petroleum recovery.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate the statistical properties of particle detachment bursts.
  • Analyze the temporal organization of these events.
  • Explore potential self-organized criticality in this phenomenon.

Main Methods:

  • Experiments using suspensions of quartz particles in deionized water.
  • Flow through a glass bead filter driven by a peristaltic pump.
  • Simultaneous measurement of pressure drop, flux, and suspension solid fraction.

Main Results:

  • Burst size distribution follows a power law.
  • Evidence suggests a self-organized critical system.
  • Temporal correlations and an analog to Omori's law were observed.

Conclusions:

  • Particle detachment bursts display characteristics of self-organized criticality.
  • Findings offer insights into filter performance and petroleum extraction.
  • Understanding burst statistics is crucial for industrial applications.