Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 15, 2026

Implementation of a Reference Interferometer for Nanodetection
Published on: April 26, 2014
Compact assembly-free vector bend sensor based on all-in-fiber-core Mach-Zehnder interferometer
Abstract:
A novel low-cost, compact, assembly-free and sensitive optical fiber curvature sensor is presented. This device consists of an off-axis positive refractive index modified zone (PRIMZ), induced by a direct femtosecond laser, written in a single-mode fiber (SMF) core. The PRIMZ transforms the original SMF section into a few-mode fiber (FMF). As a result, the whole fiber forms an assembly-free "SMF-FMF-SMF" sandwich Mach-Zehnder interferometer. When the device is bent, a direction-dependent spectral shift of the interference pattern is produced. The sensitivity of the sensor is up to 2.53 and 2.24 nm/m-1 for the 0° and 180° orientations in a wide bend range (from 0 to 4 m-1). In addition, the device is immune to the surrounding refractive index and has a low-temperature crosstalk, which makes it very attractive for practical structural monitoring applications.
Related Concept Videos
The Nucleosome Core Particle
The paradox
Nucleosomes, paradoxically, perform two opposite functions simultaneously. On the one hand, their main responsibility is to protect the delicate DNA strands from physical damage and help achieve a higher compaction ratio. While on the other hand, they must allow polymerase enzymes to access DNA...
Protein Complex Assembly
Many viruses self-assemble into a fully functional unit using the infected host cell to...
Compact Bone
Compact bone, also called cortical bone, is the denser, stronger of the two types of bone tissue. It is found under the periosteum and in the diaphyses of long bones, where it provides support and protection. The microscopic structural unit of compact bone is called an osteon, or haversian system. Each osteon is composed of concentric rings of calcified...
Compacting Factor test
The procedure begins by placing concrete into the upper hopper without any compaction. Once filled, the bottom door of this hopper is opened,...
Bending
In pure bending, the bending stress in a beam is calculated based on the bending moment and...
Symmetric Member in Bending

