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Safe Zone Quantification of the Third Sacral Segment in Normal and Dysmorphic Sacra.

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedic surgery
  • Anatomy
  • Trauma surgery

Background:

  • Pelvic ring fractures often require internal fixation.
  • The third sacral segment (S3) is a potential fixation site.
  • Sacral dysmorphism's impact on S3 fixation is not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify the osseous anatomy of the dysmorphic third sacral segment.
  • To assess the capacity of the dysmorphic S3 segment for internal fixation.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of a trauma database.
  • Computed tomography (CT) scans of 59 adult patients were analyzed.
  • Pelvic CT scans were divided into normal and dysmorphic sacra groups.

Main Results:

  • Dysmorphic S3 segments showed greater dimensions than normal S3 segments.
  • Mean S3 cross-sectional area in dysmorphic sacra was 77.9 mm² vs. 55.8 mm² in normal sacra.
  • Measurements indicated a larger osseous pathway in dysmorphic S3 segments.

Conclusions:

  • Dysmorphic sacra provide a larger osseous pathway for transiliac transsacral screws.
  • The S3 segment of dysmorphic sacra is suitable for screw placement.
  • This offers an additional fixation option for unstable posterior pelvic ring fractures.