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Fibrinogen Concentrate in the Special Operations Forces Environment
Steven Sanders1, Homer Tien2,3, Jeannie Callum3
1McGill University, Montreal, H3Z 2G5, Canada.
Military Medicine
|February 6, 2018
Summary
Fibrinogen concentrate offers a viable, temperature-stable solution for battlefield resuscitation, improving trauma care for Special Operations Forces (SOF) by bypassing cold chain requirements and compatibility testing.
Area of Science:
- Military Medicine
- Trauma Resuscitation
- Blood Products
Background:
- Hemorrhage is a leading cause of death in Special Operations Forces (SOF).
- Traditional resuscitation requires blood products with a cold chain, posing logistical challenges in remote combat zones.
- Lyophilized fibrinogen concentrate offers a temperature-stable alternative, eliminating the need for thawing and blood group compatibility testing.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the evidence for using fibrinogen concentrate in the Canadian SOF environment.
- To assess the suitability of fibrinogen concentrate for far-forward damage control resuscitation.
- To compare fibrinogen concentrate with other blood products for battlefield use.
Main Methods:
- Literature review on fibrinogen concentrate in trauma.
- Consultation with subject matter experts and stakeholders.
- Comparative analysis of fibrinogen concentrate, fresh frozen plasma, and cryoprecipitate regarding content, safety, shelf life, and usability.
Main Results:
- Fibrinogen concentrate is ABO-universal and has an excellent safety profile.
- It is robust for transport to remote SOF environments.
- Training and monitoring confirmed its clinical efficacy and safety in deployed settings.
Conclusions:
- Fibrinogen concentrate is a valuable adjunct for remote damage control resuscitation in the SOF setting.
- Its logistical advantages and acceptance by operators and medics make it suitable for the battlefield.
- It addresses the challenges of maintaining a cold chain for blood products in combat zones.
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