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Individual differences in first- and second-order temporal judgment.

Andrew W Corcoran1,2, Christopher Groot1, Aurelio Bruno3

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Individual differences in personality, specifically unusual experiences, impact subsecond time judgments. Metacognition helps compensate for timing perception differences in longer intervals.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Psychometrics

Background:

  • Temporal perception accuracy varies due to stimulus, task, and individual factors.
  • Schizotypy traits offer a quantifiable measure of individual differences in cognitive processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the influence of individual differences on subsecond and suprasecond timing judgments.
  • To examine the relationship between personality traits (using schizotypy) and temporal interval accuracy.

Main Methods:

  • Two experiments involving 129 and 141 participants completing the O-LIFE personality questionnaire.
  • A modified temporal-bisection task measuring performance and metacognitive insight into performance.
  • Analysis of stimulus presentation order, feedback effects, and correlations with personality subscales.

Main Results:

  • Significant differences in subsecond timing linked to the Unusual Experiences subscale of schizotypy.
  • Correlations found between timing judgments and Impulsive Nonconformity (subsecond) and Cognitive Disorganization (suprasecond).
  • Response precision improved with duration, suggesting a breakdown of scalar properties in early suprasecond timing.

Conclusions:

  • Partial dissociation observed between timing mechanisms for subsecond and suprasecond intervals.
  • Metacognition plays a role in confidence of temporal experience, compensating for perceptual differences.
  • Individual differences in timing performance may be less pronounced than previously suggested, indicating robust timing mechanisms.