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Updated: Feb 15, 2026

In Situ Soil Moisture Sensors in Undisturbed Soils
Published on: November 18, 2022
Two Solutions of Soil Moisture Sensing with RFID for Landslide Monitoring
Sérgio Francisco Pichorim1, Nathan J Gomes2, John C Batchelor3
1Graduate School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (CPGEI-DAELN), Federal University of Technology, Paraná (UTFPR), 80230-901 Curitiba, Brazil. pichorim@utfpr.edu.br.
Abstract:
Two solutions for UHF RFID tags for soil moisture sensing were designed and are described in this paper. In the first, two conventional tags (standard transponders) are employed: one, placed close to the soil surface, is the sensor tag, while the other, separated from the soil, is the reference for system calibration. By transmission power ramps, the tag's turn-on power levels are measured and correlated with soil condition (dry or wet). In the second solution, the SL900A chip, which supports up to two external sensors and an internal temperature sensor, is used. An interdigital capacitive sensor was connected to the transponder chip and used for soil moisture measurement. In a novel design for an UHF RFID tag the sensor is placed below the soil surface, while the transponder and antenna are above the soil to improve communication. Both solutions are evaluated practically and results show the presence of water in soil can be remotely detected allowing for their application in landslide monitoring.
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