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    We developed a new all-optical quantizer using cascaded multi-mode interferometers (MMI). This compact device offers a novel approach to optical signal processing, achieving the smallest footprint among similar technologies.

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    Area of Science:

    • Photonics
    • Optical Engineering
    • Integrated Optics

    Background:

    • All-optical signal processing is crucial for high-speed communication networks.
    • Existing optical quantizers often suffer from large footprints and complex designs.
    • Miniaturization of optical components is a key challenge in integrated photonics.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To propose and demonstrate a novel, compact all-optical phase-shifted quantizer.
    • To investigate the operational principles and feasibility of the proposed design.
    • To assess the stability and performance of the quantizer under fabrication variations.

    Main Methods:

    • Derivation of the operational principle for the all-optical quantizer.
    • Design and simulation of 3-bit and 5-bit quantizers using a 220-nm Silicon-on-Insulator (SOI) platform.
    • Analysis of fabrication errors to ensure device stability and robustness.

    Main Results:

    • Successful design and simulation of compact 3-bit and 5-bit all-optical quantizers.
    • Achieved device lengths below 200 μm, representing the most compact footprint to date.
    • Demonstrated stability of the quantizers through fabrication error analysis.

    Conclusions:

    • The proposed all-optical phase-shifted quantizer using cascade step-size MMI is a feasible and highly compact solution.
    • The design offers significant advantages in terms of footprint compared to existing all-optical quantizers.
    • The device shows promise for advanced optical signal processing applications.