Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 14, 2026

Development of a Direct Pulp-capping Model for the Evaluation of Pulpal Wound Healing and Reparative Dentin Formation in Mice
Published on: January 12, 2017
Early responses of human pulp to direct capping with resin adhesive systems and calcium hydroxide
Anna Poimenova1, Efthymia Kitraki2, Afroditi Kakaboura1
1Department of Operative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece.
Objective:
Early responses of human pulp to Prime&Bond/phosphoric acid, Clearfil SE Bond, Clearfil S3 Bond and Dycal were investigated ex vivo.
Materials And Methods:
The three adhesives, Dycal or buffer (DPBS) were applied directly onto the pulp of human teeth slices that were placed in culture for 4 days. Cell viability was monitored by the MTT assay during the culture period. After 4 days, tissue integrity was examined by hematoxylin-eosin staining. Vimentin levels were assessed by Western blotting. TUNEL assay was applied for apoptotic cell detection at specific pulp areas.
Results:
Profound reduction of cell viability and tissue integrity was observed in adhesive-treated groups, while the impact of Dycal was found to be less harmful. Extended apoptosis was caused mostly by the Clearfil SE and Prime&Bond. All adhesives reduced Vimentin levels.
Significance:
The study provides evidence that early pulp responses to direct capping with different adhesive systems or calcium hydroxide may vary significantly and underline the need for further studies in relevant ex vivo systems.
Related Concept Videos
Adhesion
Capillary action is a result of water’s adhesive tendencies. When a narrow...
Pharmacodynamic Models: Direct Effect Model and Indirect Response Model
Responses to Gravity and Touch
Second Order systems II
Cell Adhesion in Plants
Pectins are complex heteropolymers mainly composed of negatively-charged α-D-glucopyranosyl uronic acid and some neutral glycosyl residues such as α-L-rhamnopyranose, α-L-arabinofuranose,...
Directing Effect of Substituents: meta-Directing Groups

