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Activated suppressor cell dysfunction in progressive multiple sclerosis.

J P Antel, M B Bania, A Reder

Journal of Immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)

|July 1, 1986

Summary

Suppressor cell activity, crucial for immune regulation, is diminished in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. This study reveals a specific defect in T8+ suppressor cells contributing to this immune dysfunction in MS.

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Area of Science:

Immunology
Neuroimmunology
Cellular Immunology

Background:

Concanavalin A (Con A)-induced suppressor activity is reduced in active multiple sclerosis (MS).
Immune dysregulation plays a role in the pathogenesis of MS.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the cellular basis of reduced suppressor activity in progressive MS.
To identify specific immune cell subsets responsible for suppressor defects in MS patients.

Main Methods:

Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from MS patients and controls were analyzed for suppressor activity.
Reconstitution experiments using T cell subsets (E+, T4+, T8+) and macrophages were performed.
Suppression levels were measured using Concanavalin A (Con A) and OKT3 induction.

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Main Results:

Reduced Con A-induced suppressor activity was observed in progressive MS patients.
E+ cells were essential for measurable suppressor activity in both MS and control groups.
T8+ cells from MS patients showed lower suppressor function compared to controls, with differences not seen in T4+ cells.

Conclusions:

The functional suppressor defect in MS involves the T8+ cell subset.
While multiple T and non-T cell subsets can mediate suppression, T8+ cells are significantly impaired in MS.
These findings highlight a specific cellular deficit in immune regulation in multiple sclerosis.