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Antipsychotic Drugs: Typical and Atypical Agents01:21

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Antipsychotic drugs are classified into first-generation (typical) drugs including phenothiazines; and second-generation (atypical) drugs. Chlorpromazine hydrochloride (Thorazine), a phenothiazine derivative, broadly impacts the central, autonomic, and endocrine systems. This drug, along with typical agents like haloperidol (Haldol), primarily works by antagonizing D2 receptors, thus reducing dopaminergic neurotransmission. However, typical antipsychotics can cause side effects such as sedation...
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The term "psychosis" refers to a spectrum of mental disorders characterized by abnormal thoughts, perceptions, and behaviors. It can manifest as mood disorders, dementia, delirium with psychotic features, substance-induced psychosis with psychotic features, brief psychotic disorder, delusional disorder, schizoaffective disorder, and schizophrenia. Among all these disorders, schizophrenia is the most common psychotic disorder, affecting 1% of the worldwide population. Psychotic...
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Antipsychotic drugs primarily block dopamine and serotonin receptors and cholinergic, adrenergic, and histaminergic receptors, thereby reducing hallucinations and delusions in conditions like schizophrenia. However, they can trigger unwanted extrapyramidal effects such as dystonias, Parkinson-like symptoms, and tardive dyskinesia.
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Related Experiment Video

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Add-on Aripiprazole for Atypical Antipsychotic-induced, Clinically Significant Hyperprolactinemia.

Dhanya Raveendranthan1, Naren P Rao2, Mukund G Rao2

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, St. John's Medical College Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.

Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine
|February 7, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Add-on aripiprazole effectively reduced high prolactin levels in patients experiencing antipsychotic treatment side effects. This study highlights aripiprazole as a potential treatment for antipsychotic-induced hyperprolactinemia in a real-world clinical setting.

Keywords:
Antipsychoticaripiprazolehyperprolactinemiaprolactin

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Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Endocrinology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Antipsychotic-induced hyperprolactinemia is a significant side effect impacting patient well-being.
  • Add-on aripiprazole is a potential therapeutic strategy for managing this condition.
  • Limited real-world data exists for add-on aripiprazole in India.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of add-on aripiprazole in reducing serum prolactin levels.
  • To assess prolactin changes in patients with antipsychotic-induced hyperprolactinemia in a naturalistic clinical setting.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective chart review of 16 patients at a specialty metabolic clinic.
  • Patients received stable antipsychotic doses and were prescribed add-on aripiprazole for hyperprolactinemia symptoms.
  • Serum prolactin levels were measured pre- and post-aripiprazole treatment.

Main Results:

  • Patients were on risperidone, amisulpride, or olanzapine with initial prolactin levels of 87.1 ± 60.7 ng/ml.
  • Add-on aripiprazole was administered at a mean dose of 13.8 ± 7.4 mg/day.
  • A significant reduction in prolactin levels to 35.6 ± 29.1 ng/ml was observed (P = 0.004).

Conclusions:

  • Add-on aripiprazole is a clinically effective strategy for managing antipsychotic-induced hyperprolactinemia.
  • This approach offers a viable treatment option for patients experiencing this adverse effect.