Use of High-Resolution Computed Tomography (HRCT) in Diagnosis of Sputum Negative Pulmonary Tuberculosis

To study the role of high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) in the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) in sputum smear negative patients and to design HRCT criterion to forecast the threat of pulmonary tuberculosis.

We studied 69 patients having sputum smear negative for acid-fast bacilli (AFB) but still with clinical suspicion of PTB after taking written informed consent. We studied their medical characteristics, numerous separate HRCT-results and combination of HRCT findings to foresee the danger for PTB by utilizing univariate and multivariate investigation. Temporary HRCT diagnostic criteria were planned in view of these outcomes to find out the risk of PTB and tested these criteria on our patients.

Chronic cough and night sweats were highly linked to a greater risk of PTB among clinical features. On HRCT chest presence of cavity, centrilobular nodules, consolidation, ground glass opacity (GGO), lymphadenopathy, main lesion in S1, S2, S6, lobular consolidation, other minute nodules and tree in bud appearance was significantly linked to an elevated risk of PTB in linear regression analysis. While cavity, centrilobular nodules, interlobular septal thickening, pleural effusion and tree-in-bud appearance was significantly linked to a greater threat of PTB in multivariate regression analysis. Positioning of the patients utilizing our HRCT indicative criteria uncovered reliable sensitivity and specificity for PTB patients determining that HRCT is a useful tool in sputum negative PTB patients.

HRCT is useful in selecting individuals with greater chances of PTB in the sputum smear-negative setting.