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Related Concept Videos

Chemical Reactions in Aqueous Solutions03:03

Chemical Reactions in Aqueous Solutions

72.7K
Chemical substances interact in many different ways. Certain chemical reactions exhibit common patterns of reactivity. Due to the vast number of chemical reactions, it becomes necessary to classify them based on the observed patterns of interaction.
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Aqueous Solutions and Heats of Hydration02:42

Aqueous Solutions and Heats of Hydration

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Water and other polar molecules are attracted to ions. The electrostatic attraction between an ion and a molecule with a dipole is called an ion-dipole attraction. These attractions play an important role in the dissolution of ionic compounds in water.
When ionic compounds dissolve in water, the ions in the solid separate and disperse uniformly throughout the solution because water molecules surround and solvate the ions, reducing the strong electrostatic forces between them. This process...
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Leveling Effect and Non-Aqueous Acid-Base Solutions02:11

Leveling Effect and Non-Aqueous Acid-Base Solutions

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This lesson defines the leveling effect in acidic and basic solutions and its role in aqueous and non-aqueous solutions. It is essential to understand the competing nature of various species in a chemical system.
The Leveling Effect of a Solvent
A generic acid (HA) reacts with the generic base (B-) to yield the corresponding conjugate base (A-) and conjugate acid (HB):
9.8K
General Properties of Solutions02:12

General Properties of Solutions

36.2K
Many common substances around us exist as a solution, such as ocean water, air, and gasoline. All solutions are mixtures of substances that are composed of varying amounts of two or more types of atoms or molecules. A mixture with a non-uniform composition is a heterogeneous mixture, whereas a mixture with a uniform composition is a homogeneous mixture. The components that make the homogeneous mixture are evenly spread out and thoroughly mixed. 
36.2K
Solution Formation02:16

Solution Formation

38.2K
There is no one solvent that can dissolve every type of solute. Some substances that readily dissolve in a certain solvent might be insoluble in a different solvent. A simple way to predict which substances dissolve in which solvent is the phrase "like dissolves like". This means that polar substances, such as salt and sugar, dissolve in a polar substance like water. In contrast, non-polar substances are more soluble in non-polar solvents such as carbon tetrachloride.
This selective...
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Ideal Solutions02:24

Ideal Solutions

22.7K
According to Raoult’s law, the partial vapor pressure of a solvent in a solution is equal or identical to the vapor pressure of the pure solvent multiplied by its mole fraction in the solution. However, Raoult's Law is only valid for ideal solutions. For a solution to be ideal, the solvent-solute interaction must be just as strong as a solvent-solvent or solute-solute interaction. This suggests that both the solute and the solvent would use the same amount of energy to escape to the...
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Solubility of Hydrophobic Compounds in Aqueous Solution Using Combinations of Self-assembling Peptide and Amino Acid
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Solubility of Hydrophobic Compounds in Aqueous Solution Using Combinations of Self-assembling Peptide and Amino Acid

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Goodbye to S2- in aqueous solution.

P M May1, D Batka, G Hefter

  • 1Chemistry, School of Engineering and Information Technology, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia. P.May@murdoch.edu.au.

Chemical Communications (Cambridge, England)
|February 7, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

New Raman spectra challenge the existence of aqueous sulfide ions (S2-(aq)). Researchers suggest removing this species from chemical literature and revising thermodynamic databases for sulfide minerals.

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A Simple, Low-cost, and Robust System to Measure the Volume of Hydrogen Evolved by Chemical Reactions with Aqueous Solutions
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Area of Science:

  • Chemistry
  • Spectroscopy
  • Geochemistry

Background:

  • The aqueous sulfide ion (S2-(aq)) is a fundamental species in many chemical and geological processes.
  • Previous studies have assumed the existence and behavior of S2-(aq) in various chemical environments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the speciation of sodium sulfide (Na2S) in highly concentrated alkaline solutions.
  • To re-evaluate the existence and role of the aqueous sulfide ion (S2-(aq)) based on new spectroscopic evidence.

Main Methods:

  • Raman spectroscopy was employed to analyze Na2S dissolved in hyper-concentrated sodium hydroxide (NaOH(aq)) and cesium hydroxide (CsOH(aq)) solutions.
  • Spectral data were interpreted to identify the chemical species present in the solutions.

Main Results:

  • Raman spectra obtained provide strong evidence against the widely accepted existence of S2-(aq) in these hyper-concentrated alkaline media.
  • The findings suggest that sulfide likely exists in other forms under these conditions.

Conclusions:

  • The chemical literature should be revised to remove the conceptualization of S2-(aq).
  • Thermodynamic databases, particularly those involving sulfide minerals, require careful re-examination and potential revision in light of these findings.