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Whole Genome Sequencing of Candida glabrata for Detection of Markers of Antifungal Drug Resistance
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The Emerging Threat of Antifungal Resistance in Transplant Infectious Diseases

Ilan S Schwartz1, Thomas F Patterson2,3

  • 1San Antonio Center for Medical Mycology, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA. ilan.steven.schwartz@gmail.com.

Current Infectious Disease Reports
|February 7, 2018
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Antifungal resistance is rising in Candida and Aspergillus species, posing a significant threat to transplant recipients. Urgent antifungal stewardship is crucial to preserve treatment options for these vulnerable patients.

Area of Science:

  • Medical Mycology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Antimicrobial Resistance

Background:

  • Antifungal resistance in Candida and Aspergillus species is a growing global health concern.
  • Transplantation recipients are particularly vulnerable to invasive fungal diseases due to their immunocompromised status.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current landscape of antifungal resistance in key fungal pathogens.
  • To highlight the implications of antifungal resistance for vulnerable patient populations, especially transplant recipients.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on recent findings in antifungal resistance.
  • Analysis of emerging resistance patterns in Candida spp. and Aspergillus spp.
  • Evaluation of diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.

Main Results:

  • Invasive candidiasis is increasingly caused by non-albicans Candida species resistant to standard antifungals.
  • Candida auris has emerged as a multidrug-resistant pathogen with significant healthcare-associated spread.
  • Azole-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus is a growing concern, potentially linked to agricultural fungicide use.
  • Antifungal resistance is projected to increase across common fungal pathogens.

Conclusions:

  • Rapid diagnosis using culture-independent methods is essential for guiding therapy.
  • Antifungal stewardship is critical to conserve existing treatments for immunocompromised individuals.
  • Proactive strategies are needed to combat the rising threat of antifungal resistance in clinical settings.
Keywords:
Antifungal susceptibilityAspergillusAzoleCandidaEchinocandinHematopoietic stem cell transplantSolid organ transplantStewardship

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