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Developing improved tissue-engineered buccal mucosa grafts for urethral reconstruction.

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A novel trilayer synthetic scaffold supports oral tissue growth with minimal contraction, offering a promising alternative to biological grafts. This material shows good mechanical properties and mimics natural tissue, reducing disease transmission risks.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Tissue Engineering
  • Regenerative Medicine

Background:

  • Evaluating synthetic scaffolds for tissue-engineered skin implantation.
  • Investigating lysyl oxidase inhibitor (beta-amino-propionitrile [β-APN]) to mitigate implant contraction.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Compare synthetic scaffolds (poly-L-lactic acid [PLA], poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) [PHBV], and a PLA-PHBV-PLA trilayer) with natural dermis (Euroskin).
  • Assess the efficacy of β-APN in reducing in vitro contraction of these scaffolds.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of microfibrous PLA, nanofibrous PHBV, and micro-/nanofibrous trilayer scaffolds via electrospinning.
  • Seeding oral fibroblasts and keratinocytes onto scaffolds and culturing for 28 days.
  • Treatment with β-APN and assessment of contraction, cell metabolic activity, mechanical properties, and histology.

Main Results:

  • The trilayer scaffold supported robust fibroblast and keratinocyte growth with minimal contraction (<25.3%).
  • PLA and Euroskin scaffolds showed significant contraction (25.3% and 56.4%, respectively).
  • β-APN reduced Euroskin contraction but did not significantly affect PLA or trilayer scaffold contraction.

Conclusions:

  • The micro-/nanofibrous 3D porous synthetic trilayer scaffold is suitable for oral tissue engineering.
  • It exhibits favorable mechanical properties, mimics native oral mucosal morphology, and resists contraction.
  • Synthetic scaffolds offer advantages over biological grafts, including reduced disease transmission and immunological rejection risks, making them suitable for urethral reconstruction.