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Related Concept Videos

Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction01:23

Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction

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Rheumatic heart disease or RHD is a chronic condition that results from rheumatic fever, causing permanent damage to the heart valves.Etiology and Risk FactorsIt primarily arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory disease that can develop after untreated or inadequately treated group A streptococcal (GAS) pharyngitis. Streptococcus spreads through direct contact with oral or respiratory secretions. While the bacteria are the causative agents, factors like malnutrition, overcrowding, poor...
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Ischemic Heart Disease: Overview01:17

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Ischemic heart disease occurs when the heart's blood supply dwindles, causing an ominous lack of oxygen and nutrients. This deficiency, stemming from reduced or obstructed blood flow, spells danger, leading to heart muscle damage and dysfunction.
Atherosclerosis, the primary malefactor, orchestrates this dangerous condition. It manifests as the accumulation of fatty deposits, akin to insidious plaques, within arterial walls. As time elapses, these plaques metamorphose, hardening and...
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Rheumatic Heart Disease III: Medical Management01:21

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Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) management can be divided into two main strategies: prevention and long-term management.Primary PreventionPrimary prevention focuses on timely diagnosis and management of group A streptococcal pharyngitis to prevent acute rheumatic fever. The most widely used antibiotic for treating this condition is intramuscular benzathine penicillin G.Acute Rheumatic Fever TreatmentThe primary treatment goal for a patient diagnosed with acute rheumatic fever is to suppress the...
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Rheumatic Heart Disease IV: Nursing Management01:20

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AssessmentA comprehensive assessment is essential in managing a patient with rheumatic heart disease (RHD). Begin with obtaining a detailed medical history, including recent streptococcal infections, a history of rheumatic fever, or previously diagnosed rheumatic heart disease. Assess the patient for symptoms such as fever, chest pain, widespread joint pain (arthralgia), tachycardia, pericardial friction rub, muffled heart sounds, heart murmurs, peripheral edema, subcutaneous nodules, and...
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Rheumatic Heart Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:22

Rheumatic Heart Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies

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The key clinical manifestations of Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) include several distinct cardiac symptoms.Carditis, a hallmark of acute rheumatic fever, involves inflammation of the heart's endocardium, myocardium, and pericardium. Chronic RHD often results from recurrent episodes of carditis. Its symptoms include the following:Murmurs are caused by valvular damage, especially to the mitral and aortic valves. Mitral stenosis or regurgitation is common, with characteristic heart murmurs...
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Anatomy of the Heart01:27

Anatomy of the Heart

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The human heart is made up of three layers of tissue that are surrounded by the pericardium, a membrane that protects and confines the heart. The outermost layer, closest to the pericardium, is the epicardium. The pericardial cavity separates the pericardium from the epicardium. Beneath the epicardium is the myocardium, the middle layer, and the endocardium, the innermost layer. There are four chambers of the heart: the right atrium, the right ventricle, the left atrium, and the left ventricle.
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Implantation of Total Artificial Heart in Congenital Heart Disease
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Heart Disease in Children.

Richard U Garcia1, Stacie B Peddy1

  • 1Division of Cardiac Critical Care Medicine, Departments of Pediatrics and Critical Care Medicine, The University of Pennsylvania and the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, 34th Street, Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.

Primary Care
|February 7, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Pediatric cardiology is advancing, with more children with congenital heart disease (CHD) reaching adulthood. Primary care providers are crucial for diagnosing and managing common pediatric heart conditions.

Keywords:
Chest painChildrenCongenital heart diseaseCyanosisHeart murmurInfective endocarditisPrimary care

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Cardiology
  • Primary Care Medicine

Background:

  • The field of pediatric cardiology has seen significant advancements.
  • An increasing number of children with congenital heart disease (CHD) are surviving into adulthood.
  • Primary care settings are often the first point of contact for children with cardiac complaints.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the pathophysiology and management of common cardiac conditions in children.
  • To highlight the critical role of primary care providers in pediatric cardiology.
  • To provide guidance on diagnosing and managing frequent heart issues in pediatric primary care.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of common pediatric cardiac conditions.
  • Analysis of the role of primary care in pediatric cardiology.
  • Synthesis of information on pathophysiology and management.

Main Results:

  • Common cardiac complaints in children include feeding intolerance, cyanosis, chest pain, palpitations, and syncope.
  • The spectrum of pediatric heart disease ranges from simple to complex conditions like single-ventricle physiology, myocarditis, and post-heart transplantation.
  • Primary care providers encounter a wide array of cardiac issues.

Conclusions:

  • Primary care providers are essential for the initial diagnosis, management, and referral of pediatric patients with heart disease.
  • Understanding common pediatric cardiac conditions is vital for effective primary care.
  • This review aims to equip primary care physicians with knowledge for managing frequent pediatric cardiac cases.