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Updated: Feb 14, 2026

Mouse Kidney Transplantation: Models of Allograft Rejection
Published on: October 11, 2014
Expression Pattern of Tumor Necrosis Factor-α-Induced Protein 8-Like 2 in Acute Rejection of Cardiac Allograft
1Organ Transplantation Institute of Xiamen University, Xiamen City, Fujian Province, China; Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital Xiamen University, Research Institute of Digestive Disease, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
Background:
Tumor necrosis factor-α-induced protein-8 like-2 (TIPE2) is a negative regulator of innate immunity and cellular immunity, yet the expression pattern of TIPE2 in acute rejection of cardiac allograft remain enigmatic.
Methods:
We developed cardiac transplantation models and divided into 3 groups: a naive group, a syngeneic group, and an allogeneic group. Then, we detected the messenger RNA and protein of TIPE2 in cardiac allografts. Real-time polymerase chain reaction showed expression of CD4 and CD8 in the donor heart, and immunofluorescence assay revealed the association between T cells and TIPE2.
Results:
In our study, we first found that the expression of TIPE2 in cardiac allografts is upregulated compared with the syngeneic control, and increases in a time-dependent manner. The immunocytochemistry of heart grafts revealed a strong expression of TIPE2 in the inflammatory cells, but not in the cardiomyocytes. Finally, we proved that CD4+ and CD8+ T cells infiltrated cardiac allografts abundantly, which express ample TIPE2.
Conclusions:
The upregulated expression of TIPE2 in cardiac allografts, mainly came from T cells, which infiltrated the donor heart. This finding indicates that there may be an association between TIPE2 and acute cardiac allograft rejection.
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