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Visual attention control differences in 12-month-old preterm infants.

Michelle Downes1, David Kelly2, Kayleigh Day3

  • 1School of Psychology, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland; Developmental Neurosciences,UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London WC1N 1EH, UK.

Infant Behavior & Development
|February 7, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Very preterm infants show early attention control differences compared to full-term peers. Lower gestational age correlates with poorer attention fixation and slower processing, indicating potential executive function challenges.

Keywords:
AttentionExecutive functionEye-trackingInhibitionPretermProcessing speed

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • Preterm birth is linked to executive function deficits in older children, impacting academic success.
  • Early markers of executive function in preterm infants remain understudied.
  • Attention control is a crucial component of executive function with early developmental trajectories.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate early attention control development in very preterm infants (born <30 weeks gestation).
  • To compare attention control in 12-month-old age-corrected preterm infants with full-term infants.
  • To identify potential early indicators of executive function differences in preterm infants.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized eye-tracking methodology to objectively measure attention control.
  • Recruited healthy 12-month-old age-corrected infants born very preterm and a full-term control group.
  • Assessed target fixation, processing speed, inhibition of return, and interference control.

Main Results:

  • Preterm infants demonstrated reduced time focused on targets and slower attention fixation.
  • Lower gestational age was significantly associated with poorer target fixation and slower processing speed.
  • No significant group differences were found for inhibition of return or interference control.

Conclusions:

  • Eye-tracking reveals specific emerging deficits in attention control for very preterm infants at 12 months corrected age.
  • These attention control differences may precede measurable deficits on standardized developmental scales like the Bayley Scales.
  • Early identification of attention control challenges in preterm infants is possible and warrants further investigation for long-term outcomes.