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Structure, property, and function of sheepshead (Archosargus probatocephalus) teeth
J F Deang1, A K Persons1, A L Oppedal2
1Department of Mechanical Engineering, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA; Center for Advanced Vehicular Systems, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA.
Archives of Oral Biology
|February 7, 2018
Summary
Sheepshead fish teeth exhibit superior hardness and modulus compared to other aquatic species. Fluoride content in enameloid correlates with increased mechanical properties, suggesting a unique tooth structure.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Paleontology
- Materials Engineering
Background:
- Teeth enameloid and dentin are complex biological composites.
- Understanding their mechanical properties is crucial for comparative biology and biomimetic material design.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the mechanical properties and chemical composition of *A. probatocephalus* (sheepshead fish) teeth enameloid and dentin.
- To compare these properties with other aquatic species.
Main Methods:
- Nanoindentation tests were conducted to measure hardness and reduced Young's modulus.
- X-ray Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) analyzed elemental composition, specifically fluoride content.
- Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) examined dentin tubule microstructure.
Main Results:
- Sheepshead teeth dentin: hardness 0.89 GPa, reduced Young's modulus 23.29 GPa.
- Sheepshead teeth enameloid: hardness 4.36 GPa, reduced Young's modulus 98.14 GPa.
- Enameloid hardness and modulus increased towards the surface, correlating with higher fluoride content.
Conclusions:
- Sheepshead teeth possess significantly higher hardness and reduced Young's modulus compared to shark and piranha teeth.
- Fluoride concentration in enameloid is a key factor influencing its mechanical properties.
- Microstructural analysis of dentin tubules helps validate microhardness measurements.
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