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Measuring appetitive conditioned responses in humans.

Margaret C Wardle1, Paula Lopez-Gamundi1, Shelly B Flagel2

  • 1Center for Neurobehavioral Research on Addiction, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 1941 East Rd., BBSB 1st Floor CNRA, Houston, TX 77054, USA.

Physiology & Behavior
|February 7, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed a new human appetitive conditioning paradigm using food rewards. Findings indicate that different measures of reward cue responses do not consistently correlate, suggesting they cannot be used interchangeably in studies of addiction and obesity.

Keywords:
Appetitive conditioning, translational researchHuman subjectsPsychophysiology

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Behavioral Science
  • Psychology

Background:

  • Abnormal responses to reward cues are linked to maladaptive behaviors like obesity, addiction, and depression.
  • Understanding appetitive conditioning is crucial for studying these conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a novel human appetitive conditioning paradigm using individualized food rewards.
  • To assess the convergence and equivalency of subjective, psychophysiological, and behavioral measures of appetitive responses to conditioned stimuli (CS).
  • To investigate the relationship between appetitive response measures and action impulsivity.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a new paradigm for appetitive conditioning in 90 healthy young adults using primary food rewards.
  • Employed individualized food rewards and a conditioned stimulus (CS) predicting reward delivery.
  • Utilized multimodal measures: subjective, psychophysiological, and behavioral assessments of responses to the CS.
  • Examined the correlations among different response measures and their relationship with action impulsivity.

Main Results:

  • The developed paradigm successfully induced appetitive conditioning, particularly evident in psychophysiological measures.
  • There were weak correlations among the various measures of appetitive response to the CS, challenging the assumption of a single underlying process.
  • Only one measure of appetitive response showed a significant relationship with action impulsivity.

Conclusions:

  • The findings highlight significant heterogeneity in measuring appetitive responses to conditioned cues.
  • Different outcome measures for appetitive conditioning may not be interchangeable, impacting translational research.
  • This study provides critical insights for researchers investigating appetitive conditioning in relation to reward processing and behavioral disorders.