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Postnatal Changes in Testicular Position Are Associated With IGF-I and Function of Sertoli and Leydig Cells

Jaakko J Koskenniemi1,2, Helena E Virtanen1, Christine Wohlfahrt-Veje3

  • 1Departments of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine, Research Centre for Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism
|February 7, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Testicular position (TDP) changes dynamically in infants, influenced by growth factors and hormones. This dynamic TDP may serve as a biomarker for early testicular function in boys.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Endocrinology
  • Reproductive Biology
  • Developmental Pediatrics

Background:

  • Clinical guidelines recommend regular childhood testicular position checks, but normal developmental changes and influencing factors remain poorly understood.
  • Understanding testicular position dynamics is crucial for assessing male reproductive health during early development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To longitudinally assess changes in testicular position (TDP) from birth to 7 years in boys.
  • To identify factors, including reproductive hormones and growth factors, associated with testicular position during infancy.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective longitudinal birth cohort study followed 2545 boys.
  • Testicular position was measured at multiple time points (birth, 3 months, 18 months, 36 months, 7 years).
  • Serum reproductive hormones and insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) were analyzed at 3 months.

Main Results:

  • Testicular distance to pubic bone (TDP) increased from birth to 3 months and then decreased.
  • Infant length, gestational age, weight for gestational age, and penile length were associated with TDP.
  • IGF-I, inhibin B/FSH ratio, and testosterone/LH ratio were independently associated with TDP.

Conclusions:

  • Longitudinal data reveal dynamic postnatal changes in testicular position (TDP).
  • TDP is linked to Leydig and Sertoli cell function and IGF-I levels during infancy's mini-puberty.
  • Testicular distance to pubic bone (TDP) shows potential as a biomarker for postnatal testicular function.
Abstract

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