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Updated: Feb 14, 2026

The Utilization of Oropharyngeal Intratracheal PAMP Administration and Bronchoalveolar Lavage to Evaluate the Host Immune Response in Mice
Published on: April 2, 2014
[Orophagyngeal Dysphagia in Older Persons - Evaluation and Therapeutic Options]
Rainer Wirth1, Gero Lueg1, Rainer Dziewas2
1Klinik für Altersmedizin und Frührehabilitation, Marien Hospital Herne - Universitätsklinikum der Ruhr-Universität Bochum.
Abstract:
The prevalence of oropharyngeal dysphagia in older persons is high. Because it is frequently undetected, screening tests should be applied in risk groups. If the screening test is positive or typical risk factors are present, an instrumental assessment should be utilized. Objective diagnostic tools such as endoscopic evaluation and videofluoroscopy allow the description of the individual dysphagia pattern, which is the basis for an individualized treatment. The endoscopic evaluation of swallowing is increasingly used because it includes several advantages. Potential therapeutic strategies are multifaceted. The evidence for the effectiveness of adaptive, compensatory and rehabilitative strategies is growing, supporting the evolution of dysphagia therapy to an evidence based treatment.
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