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Atypical Antipsychotics in Late-Life and Treatment-Resistant Depression
Abstract:
As persons age, their risk of developing late-life depression increases. Older adults not only have an increased risk of late-life depression, but they also have an increased risk of suicidal ideation. Because of these increased risks, it is vital that clinicians be aware of the options available to assist these persons to achieve remission of their symptoms, as well as prevent relapse. Atypical antipsychotics have been considered an augmentation option in younger adults with depression. However, because of the black box warning associated with atypical antipsychotics in older adults with dementia, clinicians often exercise caution when using these agents to help treat late-life depression. This article explores the various studies conducted for the use of atypical antipsychotics in older adults and their safety and efficacy in this population.
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The boiling point of a liquid is the temperature at which its vapor pressure is equal to ambient atmospheric pressure. Since the vapor pressure of a solution is lowered due to the presence of nonvolatile solutes, it stands to reason that the solution’s boiling point will subsequently be increased. Vapor pressure increases with temperature, and so a solution will require a higher temperature than will pure solvent to achieve any given vapor pressure, including one...

