Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Cardiac Output II: Effect of Stroke Volume on Cardiac Output01:22

Cardiac Output II: Effect of Stroke Volume on Cardiac Output

3.6K
Cardiac output (CO), the amount of blood the heart pumps per minute, is a parameter in cardiovascular physiology determined by stroke volume and heart rate. Stroke volume, the amount of blood pushed from one of the ventricles per heartbeat, is influenced by preload, afterload, and contractility.
Preload
Preload refers to the initial elongation of the cardiac myocytes before contraction and is related to the volume of blood filling the heart at the end of diastole, or end-diastolic volume. The...
3.6K
Cardiac Output I:Effect of Heart Rate on Cardiac Output01:19

Cardiac Output I:Effect of Heart Rate on Cardiac Output

2.8K
Cardiac Output
Cardiac output (CO) refers to the total amount of blood ejected by one of the ventricles in liters per minute (L/min). In a resting adult, CO ranges from 5 to 6 L/min, adjusting according to the body's metabolic requirements.
Effect of Heart Rate on Cardiac Output
Cardiac output adapts to metabolic demands during stress, physical activity, or illness. The autonomic nervous system regulates heart rate via the sinoatrial node. The parasympathetic nervous system decreases heart...
2.8K
The Cardiac Cycle01:13

The Cardiac Cycle

99.1K
The heart beats rhythmically in a sequence called the cardiac cycle—a rapid coordination of contraction (systole) and relaxation (diastole).
The Process
Electrical signals—sent from the sinoatrial (SA) node in the right atrial wall to the atrioventricular (AV) node between the right atrium and right ventricle—cause both atria to simultaneously contract. When the signal reaches the AV node, it pauses for approximately a tenth of a second, allowing the atria to contract and...
99.1K
Cardiac Cycle01:29

Cardiac Cycle

13.3K
The cardiac cycle refers to the sequence of events that occur in the heart from the beginning of one heartbeat to the next. It's characterized by alternating periods of contraction (systole) and relaxation (diastole) of the heart muscles.
During the cardiac cycle, blood flow through the heart is regulated entirely by changing pressure gradients. This sequence of events begins with the heart in a state of total relaxation, known as mid-to-late diastole, during which blood passively flows from...
13.3K
Cardiac Action Potential01:30

Cardiac Action Potential

6.9K
Cardiac action potentials are essential for proper heart function, enabling the rhythmic contractions needed for adequate blood circulation. Nodal cells and Purkinje fibers, specialized for electrical conduction, generate these action potentials.
The cardiac action potential process involves a series of phases characterized by the movement of ions across the cardiac cell membranes, leading to the depolarization and repolarization of the cardiac myocytes.
Ionic Basis of Cardiac Action Potentials
6.9K
Exercise and Cardiac Output01:17

Exercise and Cardiac Output

2.1K
Regular physical activity is essential for maintaining cardiovascular health, with aerobic exercises being particularly effective. According to the American Heart Association, 150 minutes of moderate to intense aerobic exercise per week is recommended for a healthy heart. Aerobic activities may include brisk walking, running, bicycling, cross-country skiing, and swimming, ideally performed three to five times per week.
Sustained exercise increases the muscles' oxygen demand, which can be...
2.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Clinical benefit of optimization of heart failure therapy after heart failure hospitalization in adults with CHD.

International journal of cardiology. Congenital heart disease·2026
Same author

Outcomes of liver resections for neuroendocrine tumor liver metastases in carcinoid heart disease.

Journal of neuroendocrinology·2026
Same author

Reoperations after the Ross procedure: Techniques, complexity, and outcomes.

JTCVS structural and endovascular·2026
Same author

Prognostic Value of Left Ventricular Contractility Index in Patients with Coarctation of Aorta and Preserved Ejection Fraction.

American heart journal·2026
Same author

Outcome of Heart Failure Therapy in Adults With Congenitally Corrected Transposition of Great Arteries.

JACC. Heart failure·2026
Same author

Ten-year outcomes of valve-replacing versus valve-sparing aortic root replacement in patients with Marfan syndrome: An observational multicenter study.

The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery·2026
Same journal

The role of sleep in cardiovascular health and disease risk.

Trends in cardiovascular medicine·2026
Same journal

Artificial Intelligence in Echocardiography for Valvular Heart Disease.

Trends in cardiovascular medicine·2026
Same journal

Inflammation as a Fulcrum in Cardiovascular Disease: The Evolving Case for High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein.

Trends in cardiovascular medicine·2026
Same journal

Comment on "advancing personalised care in atrial fibrillation and stroke: The potential impact of AI from prevention to rehabilitation".

Trends in cardiovascular medicine·2026
Same journal

Response to: Comment on "Advancing personalised care in atrial fibrillation and stroke: The potential impact of AI from prevention to rehabilitation" (TCM-D-26-00198).

Trends in cardiovascular medicine·2026
Same journal

High-sensitivity C-reactive protein as a prognostic biomarker in cardiovascular diseases: implications for atherosclerosis, chronic kidney disease, and heart failure - a review.

Trends in cardiovascular medicine·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 14, 2026

Three-Dimensional Printing of a Complex Aortic Anomaly
03:40

Three-Dimensional Printing of a Complex Aortic Anomaly

Published on: November 1, 2018

7.1K

Cardiac imaging in Ebstein anomaly.

Muhammad Yasir Qureshi1, Patrick W O'Leary2, Heidi M Connolly3

  • 1Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN.

Trends in Cardiovascular Medicine
|February 8, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Ebstein anomaly is a congenital heart defect impacting the right ventricle and tricuspid valve. This review covers echocardiography and cardiac MRI standards for surgical assessment in Ebstein anomaly.

Keywords:
Cardiac magnetic resonance imagingCongenital heart diseaseEbstein anomalyImaging: echocardiography

More Related Videos

Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging at 7 Tesla
09:14

Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging at 7 Tesla

Published on: January 6, 2019

12.3K
Author Spotlight: High-Resolution 4D Light-Sheet Imaging and Virtual Reality in Zebrafish for Single-Cell Analysis of Heart Function
07:07

Author Spotlight: High-Resolution 4D Light-Sheet Imaging and Virtual Reality in Zebrafish for Single-Cell Analysis of Heart Function

Published on: January 5, 2024

1.9K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 14, 2026

Three-Dimensional Printing of a Complex Aortic Anomaly
03:40

Three-Dimensional Printing of a Complex Aortic Anomaly

Published on: November 1, 2018

7.1K
Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging at 7 Tesla
09:14

Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging at 7 Tesla

Published on: January 6, 2019

12.3K
Author Spotlight: High-Resolution 4D Light-Sheet Imaging and Virtual Reality in Zebrafish for Single-Cell Analysis of Heart Function
07:07

Author Spotlight: High-Resolution 4D Light-Sheet Imaging and Virtual Reality in Zebrafish for Single-Cell Analysis of Heart Function

Published on: January 5, 2024

1.9K

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Congenital Heart Disease
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Ebstein anomaly is a rare congenital heart defect.
  • It involves abnormal development of the right ventricle and tricuspid valve.
  • Accurate diagnosis and surgical planning are crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current imaging standards for Ebstein anomaly.
  • To highlight the roles of echocardiography and cardiac MRI.
  • To inform surgical decision-making.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current echocardiographic techniques.
  • Review of current cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) protocols.
  • Synthesis of imaging findings relevant to surgical management.

Main Results:

  • Echocardiography is essential for assessing tricuspid valve morphology and function.
  • Cardiac MRI provides detailed anatomical and functional information.
  • Both modalities aid in surgical timing and strategy selection.

Conclusions:

  • Standardized echocardiographic and MRI protocols are vital for Ebstein anomaly.
  • Advanced imaging improves patient outcomes through precise surgical planning.
  • Continued refinement of imaging techniques is ongoing.