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The subclavian artery transitions into the axillary artery as it exits the chest and enters the axillary region. This artery is critical for supplying blood to the shoulder area, including the head of the humerus, through the humeral circumflex arteries. As the vessel continues into the upper arm or brachium, it becomes the brachial artery. This artery plays a key role in vascularizing the brachial region and bifurcates at the elbow into several branches. These branches include the deep...
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The human circulatory system, a marvel of biological engineering, is a complex network of vessels that transport blood throughout the body. Among these, the veins responsible for carrying blood from the upper limbs are divided into two categories: deep and superficial.
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The upper limb consists of the arm, forearm, wrist, and hand bones. The humerus is the single bone of the upper arm region. Proximally, it has a large, spherical, smooth head that articulates with the glenoid cavity of the scapula to form the glenohumeral or shoulder joint. The margin of the head is the anatomical neck, a residual epiphyseal plate. Laterally it extends to form bony projections called the greater tubercle and the lesser tubercle. Next to the tubercles is the surgical neck, a...
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Bones of the Upper Limb: Ulna01:15

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The ulna and radius are parallel bones of the antebrachium or the forearm. The ulna lies medially and consists of a bony tip called the olecranon process at its proximal end. This hook-like projection articulates with the olecranon fossa of the humerus and forms the "hinged" ulnohumeral part of the elbow joint. This joint facilitates forearm extension and flexion while preventing its hyperextension. Similarly, the coronoid process, another bony projection on the proximal/anterior side...
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The radius is longer of the two bones that make up the human antebrachium or forearm. At the proximal end, the radius articulates with the capitulum of the humerus and the radial notch of the ulna to form the elbow joint. At the distal end, the radius articulates with the ulna via the ulnar notch, forming the distal radioulnar joint. Distally, the radius also attaches to the carpal wrist bones (scaphoid and lunate) to form the radiocarpal joint.
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Epidemiology, known as the cornerstone of public health, involves studying the distribution and determinants of health-related events in defined populations and applying these insights to control health issues. This is essential for understanding how diseases spread, identifying populations at greater risk, and implementing measures to control or prevent outbreaks. Epidemiology addresses not only infectious diseases but also non-communicable conditions like cancer and cardiovascular disease,...
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Epidemiology of traumatic upper limb amputations.

G Pomares1, H Coudane2, F Dap1

  • 1Service de chirurgie plastique et reconstructrice de l'appareil locomoteur, centre chirurgical Émile-Galle, CHU de Nancy, 49, rue Hermite, 54000 Nancy, France.

Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Surgery & Research : OTSR
|February 8, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Epidemiology data for traumatic upper limb amputations are rare. This study analyzed 1715 cases over 10 years, finding table saws were the primary injury mechanism, with microsurgery success rates varying by patient factors.

Keywords:
AmputationEpidemiologyTraumaticUpper limb

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Area of Science:

  • Trauma surgery
  • Epidemiology
  • Microsurgery

Background:

  • Epidemiology data for upper limb amputations are scarce compared to functional outcome studies.
  • Traumatic upper limb amputations require urgent attention and have distinct epidemiological profiles from lower limb amputations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To conduct an epidemiological study of traumatic upper limb amputations.
  • To analyze injury mechanisms, patient demographics, and microsurgical outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 1715 traumatic upper limb amputations over 10 years at a French hand emergency center.
  • Data collected included patient demographics, injury level, mechanism, work-relatedness, and microsurgery success rates.
  • Patients were categorized into replantation and surgical amputation groups.

Main Results:

  • 1715 traumatic upper limb amputations represented 3% of cases seen at the hand emergency center.
  • The primary injury mechanism was table saw accidents.
  • Microsurgery was successful in 70% of replantation attempts, with younger patients in the replantation group (mean age 48) compared to the surgical amputation group (mean age 59).

Conclusions:

  • Traumatic upper limb amputations are less common than lower limb amputations and predominantly affect middle-aged men.
  • Microsurgery success rates are influenced by age, amputation level, and injury mechanism.
  • This study provides valuable epidemiological data filling a knowledge gap in upper limb amputations.