Thrombotic Paradox: Ischaemic Stroke in Immune Thrombocytopaenia. A Case Report and Review

Immune thrombocytopaenia (also known as idiopathic thrombocytopaenic purpura) (ITP) is a chronic condition with isolated low platelet counts. Although it is largely perceived that ITP predisposes to bleeding risks, thrombotic events, such as ischaemic strokes, do happen paradoxically in patients with ITP. A 68-year-old lady presented with right upper limb weakness and was diagnosed with an ischaemic stroke and was started on clopidogrel. She had a history of ITP. Two months later, she again had another ischaemic stroke. Prednisolone was added as her platelet count was below 50 x 10⁹/L. Based on this case and recent case studies, we suggest the administration of antiplatelet or anticoagulant agents judiciously if the platelet count is 50 x 10⁹/L or above with monitoring of bleeding risks. As for the management of ITP, we do agree with the general opinion that treatment is rarely required for patients with a platelet count above 50 x 10⁹/L. We recommend a haematology consult for discussion on treatment initiation if the platelet count is below 50 x 10⁹/L.