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Pacemaker therapy in low-birth-weight infants

Tai Fuchigami1, Masahiko Nishioka1, Toru Akashige1

  • 1Department of Pediatric Cardiovascular Surgery, Okinawa Prefectural Nanbu Medical Center & Children's Medical Center, Haebaru-cho, Okinawa, Japan.

Journal of Cardiac Surgery
|February 8, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Low birth weight infants with complete atrioventricular block (CAVB) can receive permanent pacemakers using a two-stage implantation strategy. This approach supports growth and ensures long-term device function in vulnerable newborns.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Cardiology
  • Neonatology

Background:

  • Infants with complete atrioventricular block (CAVB) and fetal bradycardia often present with low birth weight.
  • Low birth weight poses challenges for timely medical interventions, including pacemaker implantation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate a two-stage pacemaker implantation strategy for low-birth-weight infants diagnosed with CAVB.
  • To assess the feasibility and outcomes of temporary followed by permanent pacemaker placement in this cohort.

Main Methods:

  • Three low-birth-weight infants with CAVB underwent initial temporary pacemaker implantation.
  • Subsequent permanent single-chamber pacemaker implantation was performed at median weights of 1.7 and 3.2 kg.
  • Pacemaker placement was targeted at the apex of the left ventricle.

Main Results:

  • All infants demonstrated successful growth catch-up post-implantation.
  • An estimated residual battery life exceeding 3 years was observed for all devices.
  • The two-stage strategy facilitated permanent pacemaker implantation in these low-birth-weight infants.

Conclusions:

  • A two-stage pacemaker implantation strategy is effective for managing CAVB in low-birth-weight neonates.
  • Left ventricular apical pacing may be associated with extended pacemaker battery longevity.

Keywords:
atrioventricular blockepicardialinfantlow birth weightpacemaker

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