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Whorl pattern keratopathies in veterinary and human patients
Soohyun Kim1, Sara M Thomasy1,2, David Ramsey3
1Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA.
Veterinary Ophthalmology
|February 8, 2018
Summary
Corneal epithelial cells normally migrate invisibly, but certain conditions make their pathway visible as a whorl pattern. This review discusses terminology, causes, and mechanisms of these whorl keratopathies in humans and animals.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Cell Biology
- Veterinary Medicine
Background:
- Corneal epithelial cells migrate from the limbus to the cornea's vertex.
- Cellular transparency normally obscures this migratory path.
- Certain conditions render epithelial cell pathways visible as whorl patterns.
Purpose of the Study:
- To discuss the varied terminology for whorl patterns in the cornea.
- To review conditions causing whorl keratopathies in humans and veterinary patients.
- To explore the forces driving epithelial cell distribution on the ocular surface.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of terminology and conditions associated with whorl keratopathies.
- Examination of clinical manifestations in human and veterinary cases.
- Discussion of proposed mechanisms for whorl pattern formation.
Main Results:
- Whorl patterns are described using terms like hurricane keratitis, vortex keratopathy, and cornea verticillata.
- These patterns can be associated with specific causative agents, such as amiodarone.
- The review covers both human and veterinary patient presentations.
Conclusions:
- Understanding the terminology and causes of whorl keratopathies is crucial for diagnosis.
- Further research is needed to fully elucidate the forces governing epithelial cell distribution.
- This phenomenon offers insights into ocular surface dynamics.
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