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Circadian Etiology of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Naureen Javeed1, Aleksey V Matveyenko1,2

  • 1Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, Minnesota.

Physiology (Bethesda, Md.)
|February 8, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Type 2 diabetes requires new treatments. This review explores targeting the body's internal clock, the circadian system, for managing diabetes and related metabolic issues.

Area of Science:

  • Chronobiology
  • Metabolic Diseases
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a growing epidemic requiring novel therapeutic and preventative strategies.
  • The circadian system, regulating daily biological rhythms, is increasingly implicated in T2DM pathophysiology.
  • Disruptions in circadian rhythms are linked to metabolic dysfunction and diabetes progression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the scientific rationale for targeting the circadian system in T2DM.
  • To explore the potential of circadian-based interventions for T2DM treatment and prevention.
  • To discuss the implications for managing associated metabolic comorbidities.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies investigating the interplay between circadian rhythms and T2DM.
  • Analysis of evidence linking circadian disruption to diabetes development and progression.
  • Synthesis of current research on therapeutic strategies targeting circadian pathways.

Main Results:

  • The circadian system significantly influences glucose metabolism, insulin sensitivity, and energy balance.
  • Circadian misalignment is associated with increased risk and severity of T2DM.
  • Pharmacological and behavioral interventions targeting circadian rhythms show promise in preclinical and clinical studies.

Conclusions:

  • Targeting the circadian system represents a promising novel therapeutic avenue for T2DM.
  • Circadian-based strategies may offer benefits for both treatment and prevention of T2DM and its comorbidities.
  • Further research is warranted to optimize and implement circadian-targeted therapies.

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