Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 14, 2026

In Vivo Two-photon Imaging Of Experience-dependent Molecular Changes In Cortical Neurons
Published on: January 5, 2013
Simultaneous two-photon imaging and two-photon optogenetics of cortical circuits in three dimensions
Weijian Yang1, Luis Carrillo-Reid1, Yuki Bando1
1NeuroTechnology Center, Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, United States.
Abstract:
The simultaneous imaging and manipulating of neural activity could enable the functional dissection of neural circuits. Here we have combined two-photon optogenetics with simultaneous volumetric two-photon calcium imaging to measure and manipulate neural activity in mouse neocortex in vivo in three-dimensions (3D) with cellular resolution. Using a hybrid holographic approach, we simultaneously photostimulate more than 80 neurons over 150 μm in depth in layer 2/3 of the mouse visual cortex, while simultaneously imaging the activity of the surrounding neurons. We validate the usefulness of the method by photoactivating in 3D selected groups of interneurons, suppressing the response of nearby pyramidal neurons to visual stimuli in awake animals. Our all-optical approach could be used as a general platform to read and write neuronal activity.
Related Concept Videos
Support Reactions in Three Dimensions
Ball and Socket Joint is one of the supports allowing free rotation about any axis. This freedom of rotation is...
Relative Velocity in One Dimension
Relative Velocity in Two Dimensions
Dimensions of Health and Illness
Equations of Equilibrium in Three Dimensions
According to the vector equations of equilibrium, the vector sum of all the external forces acting on a body must...
Structural Properties and Dimensions of Lumber
The strength characteristics of...

