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Variation in the angiosperm ionome.

Konrad Neugebauer1,2, Martin R Broadley2, Hamed A El-Serehy3

  • 1Ecological Science Group, The James Hutton Institute, Dundee, DD2 5DA, UK.

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|February 8, 2018
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The plant ionome, or elemental composition, is influenced by genetics and environment. Understanding leaf nutrient levels (functional ionome) aids in plant nutrition, agriculture, and environmental studies.

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Area of Science:

  • Plant Biology
  • Nutritional Science
  • Ecology

Background:

  • The ionome defines the elemental composition of biological entities.
  • The functional ionome specifically refers to mineral nutrients essential for plant life.
  • A standard functional ionome for angiosperm leaves provides a baseline for nutritional comparisons.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a standard functional ionome for angiosperm leaves.
  • To analyze the impact of environment and genetics on plant leaf ionomes.
  • To explain physiological relationships and evolutionary origins of ionomic traits.

Main Methods:

  • Defining the ionome and functional ionome.
  • Presenting a standard functional ionome for average angiosperm leaves.
  • Analyzing environmental and genetic influences on leaf ionome composition.
  • Investigating physiological relationships (e.g., N/P, Ca/Mg concentrations).
  • Tracing phylogenetic effects on mineral composition across angiosperm taxa.
  • Describing the evolution of hyperaccumulation of toxic elements.

Main Results:

  • The leaf ionome is shaped by environment-genetics interactions.
  • Nutrient deficiencies have discernible consequences on the leaf ionome.
  • Specific physiological relationships (allometric for N/P, linear for Ca/Mg) were explained.
  • Phylogenetic effects significantly influence leaf mineral composition across diverse environments.
  • Evolutionary origins of distinct ionomic traits in specific plant orders were identified.
  • Hyperaccumulation of toxic elements is a rare evolutionary event.

Conclusions:

  • The standard functional ionome serves as a valuable tool for plant nutrition research.
  • Understanding leaf ionome variation has broad implications for ecology, agriculture, and human/livestock nutrition.
  • Phylogenetic and environmental factors are crucial determinants of plant elemental composition.
  • The study provides insights into evolutionary adaptations related to mineral uptake and tolerance.