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Related Concept Videos

In-situ Hybridization02:31

In-situ Hybridization

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In situ hybridization (ISH) is a technique used to detect and localize specific DNA or RNA molecules in cells, tissue, or tissue sections using a labeled probe. The technique was first used in 1969 for the investigation of nucleic acids. It is currently an essential tool in scientific research and clinical settings, especially for diagnostic purposes.
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Fluorescence in situ hybridization, or FISH, was developed in the early 1980s and has quickly become one of the most widely used techniques in cytogenetics. Labeled probes are used to bind complementary DNA or RNA sequences on a chromosome or in a region within a cell. Earlier, the probes could only be obtained by cloning or reverse transcription of a DNA template. Currently, the probe oligonucleotides can be synthesized synthetically. Additionally, with the advancement of optical techniques,...
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In situ experiments, such as the Doluisio method and Single-Pass Perfusion technique, provide critical insights into drug uptake by simulating in vivo conditions for drug absorption.
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Chromatin is the massive complex of DNA and proteins packaged inside the nucleus. The complexity of chromatin folding and how it is packaged inside the nucleus greatly influences  access to genetic information. Generally, the nucleus' periphery is considered transcriptionally repressive, while the cell's interior is considered a transcriptionally active area. 
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 14, 2026

Partial Lobular Hepatectomy: A Surgical Model for Morphologic Liver Regeneration
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Lobular Carcinoma In Situ.

Hannah Y Wen1, Edi Brogi1

  • 1Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA.

Surgical Pathology Clinics
|February 8, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) increases invasive breast cancer risk significantly. While classic LCIS on core biopsy may not need surgery, variant LCIS requires excision, and its proximity to margins may necessitate reexcision.

Keywords:
CDH1Core biopsyE-cadherinPleomorphic lobular carcinoma in situVariant lobular carcinoma in situp120

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Pathology
  • Breast Cancer Research

Background:

  • Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) is a recognized risk factor and precursor for invasive breast carcinoma.
  • Patients diagnosed with classic LCIS face a 9-10 fold increased relative risk of developing invasive breast cancer compared to the general population.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To delineate management guidelines for Lobular Carcinoma In Situ (LCIS) based on its subtype and diagnostic context.
  • To clarify when surgical excision is mandated for LCIS identified in core biopsies and resection specimens.

Main Methods:

  • Review of diagnostic criteria and management recommendations for classic and variant LCIS.
  • Analysis of clinical scenarios involving LCIS diagnosis via core biopsy and surgical resection.

Main Results:

  • Classic LCIS diagnosed on core biopsy with concordant imaging and pathology does not require surgical excision, and margin status is not reported.
  • Variant LCIS identified in a needle core biopsy mandates surgical excision irrespective of imaging-pathology concordance.
  • Variant LCIS near surgical margins in resection specimens warrants consideration for reexcision.

Conclusions:

  • Distinguishing between classic and variant LCIS is critical for appropriate patient management.
  • Management strategies for LCIS should be tailored based on subtype, diagnostic method, and proximity to surgical margins to optimize outcomes and minimize unnecessary interventions.