Physical activity and disability outcomes in multiple sclerosis: A systematic review (2011-2016)

Area of Science:

• Neurology
• Rehabilitation Medicine
• Exercise Science

Background:

• Physical activity is hypothesized to be neuroprotective in multiple sclerosis (MS).
• Previous reviews on exercise and MS disability have yielded inconclusive results, emphasizing the need for further research.
• An updated systematic review is necessary to examine current evidence on physical activity and physical ability in MS patients.

Purpose of the Study:

• To conduct an updated systematic literature review.
• To examine the relationship between physical activity and physical ability outcomes in individuals with MS.
• To assess reported adverse outcomes associated with exercise interventions in MS.

Main Methods:

• Searched EMBASE and MEDLINE databases for interventional studies published between 2011 and 2016.
• Included studies evaluating exercise interventions on quantitative measures of physical disability in MS.
• Assessed reported adverse events and safety outcomes from the included studies.

Main Results:

• Twelve studies involving 568 participants were included, examining endurance, resistance, and alternative exercises (tai chi, kickboxing, vestibular rehabilitation).
• Endurance training improved walking ability; mindfulness and dynamic exercises enhanced balance and coordination.
• Combined resistance and endurance training improved overall mobility, balance, and coordination. Adverse events were generally mild.

Conclusions:

• Physical activity demonstrates measurable benefits for physical ability outcomes in individuals with MS.
• Consistent participation in physical activity is likely necessary to sustain these benefits.
• While adverse events were typically mild, safety reporting varied across studies.