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Related Concept Videos

Additional Routes of Drug Administration01:18

Additional Routes of Drug Administration

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Choosing the appropriate route of drug administration is significantly influenced by two key factors: the therapeutic objectives and the inherent properties of the drug being used.
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Routes of Drug Administration: Enteral01:18

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Medications can be administered through the enteral route using liquids, capsules, or tablets.
Enteral administration involves drug administration via the mouth in two ways: orally or sublingually.
Unlike sublingually drugs, drugs that are taken orally pass through the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and get metabolized by the liver. Once metabolized, the drug is absorbed into the systemic circulation, reaching different body parts via the bloodstream. However, while passing through the stomach,...
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Routes of Drug Administration: Parenteral01:25

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The administration of drugs via parenteral routes allows for direct drug introduction into the systemic circulation, resulting in high bioavailability because the medication bypasses the harsh conditions of the gastrointestinal tract and hepatic metabolism.
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Routes of Drug Administration: Overview01:22

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Drug administration involves delivering drugs to the body through various routes, such as enteral, parenteral, and topical.
Enteral administration refers to drugs absorbed through the gastrointestinal tract. They can be swallowed (perorally), placed under the tongue (sublingually), or on the inner lining of the cheeks (buccally). Perorally administered drugs take time to be absorbed and have a slower onset of action. The rectal route is another form of enteral administration, which allows for...
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Two-Compartment Open Model: Extravascular Administration01:12

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The two-compartment model for extravascular administration represents a drug's absorption and distribution process. It features a central compartment, where the drug is first absorbed, and a peripheral compartment, which illustrates the drug's distribution throughout the body. The rate of change in drug concentration in the central compartment is calculated by three exponents: absorption, distribution, and elimination.
The absorption exponent (ka) indicates the speed at which the drug...
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Drug Administration and Therapy Phases: Overview01:26

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Drugs, the chemical agents used in diagnosing, treating, or preventing diseases, undergo a four-phase process of development: pharmaceutic, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and therapeutic.
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Microemulsion containing triamcinolone acetonide for buccal administration.

C Padula1, I Telò1, A Di Ianni1

  • 1Department of Food and Drug, Parco Area delle Scienze 27/A, Università di Parma, 43124 Parma, Italy.

European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences : Official Journal of the European Federation for Pharmaceutical Sciences
|February 8, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Microemulsions enhance triamcinolone acetonide buccal delivery, with chitosan significantly improving tissue transport. This formulation offers a promising alternative for treating buccal mucosa diseases.

Keywords:
Buccal deliveryChitosanMicroemulsionTriamcinolone acetonide

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmaceutical Sciences
  • Drug Delivery Systems

Background:

  • Buccal drug delivery faces challenges with low drug permeation and retention.
  • Triamcinolone acetonide is a corticosteroid used for inflammatory conditions of the buccal mucosa.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate microemulsions for buccal administration of triamcinolone acetonide.
  • To evaluate the effect of formulation composition and excipients on drug permeation and retention.

Main Methods:

  • Microemulsions were developed using pseudoternary phase diagrams and aqueous titration.
  • In vitro permeation and retention studies were conducted using pig esophageal epithelium.
  • Excipients including chitosan were added to modify droplet charge.

Main Results:

  • Chitosan significantly enhanced triamcinolone acetonide permeation across the esophageal epithelium by influencing diffusion.
  • Droplet size and microemulsion composition did not affect permeation.
  • Drug flux was insufficient for systemic delivery, but local retention was rapid and high.

Conclusions:

  • Triamcinolone acetonide microemulsions, particularly with chitosan, show potential as an effective alternative to commercial formulations for buccal mucosa diseases.
  • The rapid uptake suggests suitability as a mouthwash formulation.