Exploring the molecular aspects associated with testicular germ cell tumors: a review

Gaetano Facchini1,2, Sabrina Rossetti1,2, Carla Cavaliere3

  • 1Progetto ONCONET2.0, Linea Progettuale 14 per l'Implementazione della Prevenzione e Diagnosi Precoce del Tumore alla Prostata e Testicolo, Regione Campania, Italy.

Oncotarget
|February 9, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Testicular germ cell tumors (TGCTs) are common in young men. This review explores genetic and epigenetic factors in TGCT development and cisplatin resistance.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Genetics
  • Epigenetics

Background:

  • Testicular germ cell tumors (TGCTs) are the most frequent solid tumors in young males.
  • TGCTs possess a unique embryonic origin and distinct biological characteristics.
  • Emerging preclinical data illuminate the molecular pathogenesis and treatment resistance of TGCTs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the primary genetic and epigenetic events in TGCT development.
  • To elucidate the role of these events in tumor pathogenesis.
  • To understand mechanisms of cisplatin resistance in TGCTs.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent preclinical data.
  • Analysis of genetic and epigenetic mechanisms.
  • Examination of molecular patterns in TGCTs.

Main Results:

  • Genetic and epigenetic alterations are key to TGCT pathogenesis.
  • These molecular events influence tumor differentiation.
  • Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for overcoming treatment resistance.

Conclusions:

  • Genetic and epigenetic factors significantly contribute to TGCT development.
  • These factors are implicated in the pathogenesis and progression of TGCTs.
  • Targeting these pathways may improve treatment strategies for cisplatin-resistant TGCTs.

Related Concept Videos

Review and Preview01:10

Review and Preview

In statistics, several tools are used to interpret the data. Measures of central tendency represent the characteristics of the data, such as mean, median, and mode. Additionally, measures of variance like standard deviation and range are used to find the spread of data from the mean. Relative standing measures the distance between data locations. Commonly used measures of relative standings are percentile, z score, and quartiles.
Percentiles are a type of fractile that partition data into...
8.4K
Review and Preview01:13

Review and Preview

Data are individual items of information obtained from a population or sample. Data may be classified as qualitative (categorical), quantitative continuous, or quantitative discrete. Because it is not practical to measure the entire population in a study, researchers use samples to represent the population. A random sample is a representative group from the population chosen by using a method that gives each individual in the population an equal chance of being included in the sample. Random...
11.6K
Molecular Factors Affecting Cell Division01:27

Molecular Factors Affecting Cell Division

Several external and internal factors influence the initiation and inhibition of cell division. For instance, the death of nearby cells or the release of human growth hormone (hGH) promotes cell division. In contrast, lack of hGH or crowding of cells can inhibit cell division.
Several proteins function as internal regulators to ensure each cell cycle stage is completed faithfully before proceeding to the next. Regulator molecules may act directly or influence the activity or production of other...
4.0K
Quantitative Aspects of Drug-Receptor Interaction01:30

Quantitative Aspects of Drug-Receptor Interaction

The receptor occupancy theory connects a drug's response to the number of occupied receptors. With higher drug concentrations, more receptors are occupied, leading to increased responses. The formation of drug-receptor complexes involves association and dissociation rates, which reach equilibrium when the forward and backward reactions are equal. The equilibrium association constant (Ka) and its inverse, the equilibrium dissociation constant (Kd), indicate drug affinity. Higher Ka and lower...
1.8K
Molecular Models02:00

Molecular Models

Physical models representing molecular architectures of chemical compounds play essential roles in understanding chemistry. The use of molecular models makes it easier to visualize the structures and shapes of atoms and molecules.
43.9K
Molecular Orbital Theory II03:51

Molecular Orbital Theory II

Molecular Orbital Energy Diagrams
27.7K