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Related Concept Videos

Drug Delivery: Overview01:16

Drug Delivery: Overview

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The selection of a drug's delivery route depends upon its physicochemical properties, including lipid or water solubility and ionization, as well as the therapeutic requirement, such as immediate or sustained effect. These routes can be divided into three primary categories: enteral, parenteral, and topical.
Enteral delivery involves administering drugs directly through swallowing, sublingual placement, or buccal application. Orally administered drugs predominantly navigate the...
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Drug Delivery: Enteral Route01:18

Drug Delivery: Enteral Route

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The enteral drug administration involves three primary routes: oral, sublingual, and buccal. Oral ingestion is the most prevalent, safe, economical, and convenient method for drug administration. However, it has certain drawbacks, including limited absorption due to the drug's low water solubility or poor membrane permeability, possible emesis from GI mucosa irritation, destruction of drugs by digestive enzymes or low gastric pH, and irregular absorption along with food or other drugs.
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Drug Delivery: Parenteral Route01:29

Drug Delivery: Parenteral Route

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The parenteral route is a critical method of drug administration. It delivers compounds directly into the systemic circulation and bypasses the gastrointestinal tract. This approach is particularly advantageous for drugs that exhibit poor absorption or instability when administered orally.
There are three primary parenteral routes: intravenous (IV), intramuscular (IM), and subcutaneous (SC). The IV route introduces the drug directly into the bloodstream, ensuring immediate action. The IM route...
1.8K
Transdermal Drug Delivery Systems01:18

Transdermal Drug Delivery Systems

21
Transdermal drug delivery systems (TDDS) enable the controlled release of drugs across the skin into systemic circulation. They are particularly advantageous for drugs with short half-lives or narrow therapeutic indices, as they maintain consistent plasma concentrations and reduce the risk of subtherapeutic or toxic levels.TDDS are categorized into monolithic, reservoir, and mixed systems. Monolithic systems embed the drug in a polymer matrix, where diffusion governs release. Reservoir systems...
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Ophthalmic Drug Delivery Systems01:23

Ophthalmic Drug Delivery Systems

21
Ophthalmic drug delivery faces major limitations due to poor absorption across the corneal membrane. This process is primarily driven by diffusion and is influenced by two main factors: the physicochemical properties of the drug and tear drainage. Most ophthalmic drugs, such as pilocarpine, epinephrine, atropine, and local anesthetics, are weak bases. They are typically formulated at an acidic pH to enhance chemical stability. However, this leads to high ionization, reducing their ability to...
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Intrauterine Drug Delivery Systems01:21

Intrauterine Drug Delivery Systems

17
Controlled-release systems for intravaginal and intrauterine drug delivery have been developed primarily for the administration of contraceptive steroid hormones. These delivery routes circumvent first-pass hepatic metabolism, thereby enhancing bioavailability and allowing for reduced systemic dosages compared to oral administration. Such approaches contribute to improved therapeutic efficacy and patient compliance, particularly in long-term contraceptive regimens.Intravaginal Drug Delivery...
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Trans-Tympanic Drug Delivery for the Treatment of Ototoxicity
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Trans-Tympanic Drug Delivery for the Treatment of Ototoxicity

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Organ-based drug delivery.

Mohammad Alsaggar1, Dexi Liu2

  • 1a Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, College of Pharmacy , Jordon University of Science and Technology , Irbid , Jordan.

Journal of Drug Targeting
|February 9, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Advanced drug delivery systems overcome biological barriers to improve therapeutic effectiveness and reduce side effects. This overview explores passive and active targeting strategies for precise drug delivery to target tissues.

Keywords:
Drug deliverydrug targetinggene deliveryliposomesnanomedicinenanoparticlesorgan-specific drugpharmaceuticalstumor targeting

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmaceutical Sciences
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Drug Delivery Systems

Background:

  • Recent pharmaceutical advances yield novel therapeutics (peptides, proteins, RNA, DNA, potent small molecules).
  • Anatomical and physiological barriers impede effective drug disposition and cause off-target effects, reducing therapeutic efficacy and increasing side effects.
  • Development of targeted drug delivery systems is crucial for overcoming these challenges in modern medicine.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of passive and active drug delivery theories and approaches.
  • To discuss organ-specific strategies for drug delivery system design.
  • To inspire novel therapeutic strategies for accurate and efficient disease treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on drug delivery systems.
  • Categorization of targeting approaches into passive and active methods.
  • Organ-specific analysis of drug delivery challenges and solutions.

Main Results:

  • Passive targeting utilizes inherent drug/carrier properties for distribution.
  • Active targeting employs specific moieties to direct drugs to target tissues.
  • Organ-specific design considerations are essential for optimizing drug delivery.

Conclusions:

  • Targeted drug delivery systems are vital for enhancing the efficacy of new therapeutics.
  • Both passive and active targeting strategies offer distinct advantages.
  • Tailoring delivery systems to specific organ structures is key to achieving high accuracy and efficiency in disease treatment.