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Species of Aspergillus section Aspergillus from clinical samples in the United States

João P Z Siqueira1,2, Deanna A Sutton3, Josepa Gené1

  • 1Unitat de Micologia, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain.

Medical Mycology
|February 9, 2018
PubMed

Insights

This study identifies Aspergillus species, including a new species Aspergillus microperforatus, in clinical samples. Echinocandins and posaconazole show potent antifungal activity against these xerophilic fungi.

Area of Science:

  • Mycology
  • Clinical Microbiology

Background:

  • Xerophilic fungi in the Aspergillus genus (formerly Eurotium) are common environmental contaminants.
  • Their prevalence and clinical significance in patient samples are not well-established.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the diversity of Aspergillus species in clinical samples from the United States.
  • To characterize a newly proposed species, Aspergillus microperforatus.
  • To evaluate the in vitro antifungal susceptibility of clinical isolates.

Main Methods:

  • Multilocus sequence analysis using internal transcribed spacer (ITS), beta-tubulin (BenA), calmodulin (CaM), and RNA polymerase II largest subunit (RPB2) genes.
  • Identification of 25 clinical isolates.
  • In vitro antifungal susceptibility testing of eight available antifungal agents.

Main Results:

  • Aspergillus montevidensis (44%) and Aspergillus chevalieri (36%) were the most prevalent species.
  • A new species, Aspergillus microperforatus (8%), was described.
  • Echinocandins and posaconazole demonstrated the highest in vitro activity against the studied isolates.

Conclusions:

  • This study expands the understanding of Aspergillus species diversity in clinical settings.
  • Aspergillus microperforatus is a newly identified species with potential clinical relevance.
  • Specific antifungal agents show promising activity against these xerophilic fungi.

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