Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 14, 2026

Physical Activity Measurement in Children Accepting Table Tennis Training
Published on: July 27, 2022
Uncertainty of Parents With Children Undergoing Herniorrhaphy
Kai-Wei K Wang1, I-Hung Chen2, Marcelo Chen2
11 Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan, R.O.C.
Abstract:
This study reports the association between parental uncertainty and characteristics of 123 parent-child dyads prior to the child's herniorrhaphy. A cross-sectional study design and Mishel's Parents' Perception of Uncertainty Scale (PPUS) were used. Parent participants were married (98%), had a university degree (45%), identified with a religion (77%), and worked (69%). More boys (76%) than girls (23%) underwent herniorrhaphy (average age = 2.26 years); 60% were the first-born child and 25% were premature. More children presented with unilateral (63.4%; right = 44.7%, left = 18.7%) than bilateral (36.6%) hernias and most were primary (98%). Overall uncertainty was perceived as moderate and ambiguity had the highest score. Religion, birth order (first child), and hernia site (bilateral) explained 20.6% of total variance of uncertainty. Providing information about postoperative symptom and pain management is important for all parents, particularly for parents identified with a religion and whose first-born child had bilateral hernias.
Related Concept Videos
The Uncertainty Principle
Uncertainty in Measurement: Reading Instruments
Parental Care
Parenting Styles
Authoritarian Parenting
This style is strict and controlling, with little room for open dialogue. Authoritarian parents demand obedience and often enforce rules with minimal warmth. Children raised this way may lack social skills and initiative, usually comparing themselves to others unfavorably.
Authoritative...
Uncertainty: Overview
Relationship with Parents: Attachment

