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Treating childhood traumatic brain injury with autologous stem cell therapy

Shyam Dewan1, Samantha Schimmel1, Cesar V Borlongan1

  • 1a Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, Department of Neurosugery and Brain Repair , University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine , Tampa , FL , USA.

Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy
|February 10, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Autologous stem cell therapy shows promise for treating neonatal traumatic brain injury (TBI). This approach may reduce neuroinflammation and promote brain repair, offering hope for developmental disorders.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Pediatric Neurology

Background:

  • Neonatal traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of developmental disorders.
  • Neuroinflammation exacerbates brain injury and cell death in neonates.
  • Current treatments for neonatal TBI have limitations in promoting long-term repair.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the potential of autologous stem cell therapy for neonatal TBI.
  • To evaluate stem cell therapy's role in enhancing brain plasticity and repair.
  • To discuss the application of stem cells in mitigating neuroinflammation post-injury.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing research on stem cell therapy for experimental neonatal TBI.
  • Discussion of cell types, including umbilical cord blood cells and bone marrow stromal cells.
  • Consideration of acute and chronic treatment strategies.

Main Results:

  • Autologous stem cell transplantation demonstrates potential to dampen neuroinflammation.
  • Stem cells can sequester inflammation-induced cell death in the injured neonatal brain.
  • Stem cell therapy may enhance endogenous anti-inflammatory responses.

Conclusions:

  • Stem cell therapy holds significant potential for neonatal TBI treatment, both as a standalone and adjunctive therapy.
  • Harnessing stem cells' anti-inflammatory properties is crucial for combating neurodegeneration.
  • Clinical translation requires defining therapeutic windows and ensuring cell availability, potentially through stem cell banking.
Abstract

Keywords:
Traumatic brain injuryautologousbone marrow stromal cellshypoxic ischemic encephalopathyneonatalneuroinflammationneuroplasticitystem cellsumbilical cord blood cells

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