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Systems Signatures Reveal Unique Remission-path of Type 2 Diabetes Following Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass Surgery
Qing-Run Li1, Zi-Ming Wang2, Nicolai J Wewer Albrechtsen3
1Key Laboratory of Systems Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai 200031, China.
Ebiomedicine
|February 10, 2018
Summary
Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass (RYGB) surgery shows a unique molecular pathway for type 2 diabetes remission, independent of weight loss. This study reveals distinct molecular network changes in patients achieving remission post-RYGB.
Area of Science:
- Metabolomics and Proteomics
- Systems Biology
- Bariatric Surgery Research
Background:
- Obesity and type 2 diabetes are significant health concerns.
- Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass (RYGB) surgery effectively treats obesity and can induce type 2 diabetes remission.
- The precise molecular mechanisms driving diabetes remission after RYGB, independent of weight loss, are not fully understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying type 2 diabetes remission following RYGB, independent of weight loss.
- To compare plasma metabolite and protein profiles in obese patients with and without diabetes before and after RYGB.
- To identify distinct molecular network signatures associated with diabetes remission post-RYGB.
Main Methods:
- Plasma samples from 10 normal glucose-tolerant obese (NO) and 9 diabetic obese (DO) patients were collected before and at 1 week, 3 months, and 1 year after RYGB.
- 146 proteins and 128 metabolites were profiled and analyzed.
- A novel computational method was used to analyze bi-molecular associations, define physiological 'edge-states', and construct molecular networks.
- Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was employed to compare network states between groups.
Main Results:
- Significant differences in molecular network 'edge-states' were observed between post-RYGB NO and DO subjects.
- Time-dependent changes in molecular hub-networks differed notably between the DO and NO groups after RYGB.
- These findings suggest distinct molecular trajectories following RYGB in patients with and without diabetes.
Conclusions:
- RYGB surgery induces unique molecular network changes that facilitate type 2 diabetes remission.
- The study provides evidence for a weight-loss-independent mechanism of diabetes remission driven by RYGB.
- Molecular network-based systems signatures offer new insights into the pathophysiology of diabetes remission after bariatric surgery.
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