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Developing the Symptoms and Functional Impairment Rating Scale: A Multi-Dimensional ADHD Scale.

Yasong Du1, Mengyao Li1, Wenqing Jiang1

  • 1Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.

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Summary

A new rating scale, the Symptoms and Functional Impairment Rating Scale (SFIRS), effectively assesses attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in Chinese children aged 6-12 years, showing strong reliability and validity.

Keywords:
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorderBehavioral rating scaleChinaExecutive function

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Area of Science:

  • Child psychology
  • Neurodevelopmental disorders
  • Psychometric assessment

Background:

  • Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a prevalent neurodevelopmental disorder in children.
  • Accurate assessment tools are crucial for diagnosis and intervention planning.
  • Existing ADHD rating scales may require adaptation for specific cultural contexts, such as in China.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a practical, multi-dimensional rating scale for ADHD in Chinese children aged 6-12 years.
  • The scale, named the Symptoms and Functional Impairment Rating Scale (SFIRS), aims to capture both symptom severity and functional impact.
  • To ensure the scale is suitable for the target population and clinical use.

Main Methods:

  • The study evaluated the structural validity, criterion validity, internal consistency, and test-retest reliability of the SFIRS.
  • Item screening was performed using data from 412 children diagnosed with ADHD and 322 typically developing controls.
  • Statistical analyses were conducted to confirm the scale's psychometric properties.

Main Results:

  • The SFIRS comprises 44 items across six factors: Hyperactivity-Impulsivity, Self-Control, Inattention, Self-Management, Academic Performance, and Social Interaction.
  • The six-factor model demonstrated good data fit, with significant correlations between scale factors and their respective criteria (r=0.690-0.841).
  • The scale exhibited high internal consistency (Cronbach's α = 0.976) and good test-retest reliability (r=0.816, p<0.01).

Conclusions:

  • The SFIRS is a reliable and valid instrument for assessing ADHD in Chinese children aged 6-12 years.
  • The scale's multi-dimensional nature provides a comprehensive evaluation of ADHD symptoms and functional impairments.
  • The SFIRS can be a valuable tool for clinicians and researchers in China for ADHD assessment.