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Modeling Oral-Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma in 3D Organoids
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A novel multiplex detection array revealed systemic complement activation in oral squamous cell carcinoma
Juliane Gallenkamp1, Gerrit Spanier1, Elisabeth Wörle2
1University Hospital Regensburg, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Regensburg, Germany.
Oncotarget
|February 10, 2018
Summary
Researchers developed a novel assay to measure complement system activation in oral cancer patients. Elevated C5a and sC5b-9 levels indicate oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) progression, offering potential diagnostic biomarkers.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Oncology
- Biomarker Discovery
Background:
- Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a prevalent oral malignancy requiring improved diagnostic and prognostic tools.
- The complement system, a crucial part of innate immunity, plays a role in inflammation and cancer progression.
- Investigating complement activation in OSCC could reveal novel biomarkers for early detection and monitoring.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop and validate an innovative multiplex assay for detecting complement activation products (C3a, C5a, sC5b-9) in OSCC patients.
- To assess the correlation between complement activation levels and OSCC progression, including tumor differentiation, extension, and local spreading.
- To evaluate the potential of complement activation markers as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for OSCC.
Main Methods:
- Development of a suspension bead array using characterized antibodies for C3a, C5a, and sC5b-9 detection.
- Analysis of human serum samples from healthy controls (n=46) and OSCC patients (n=57).
- Validation of the assay's sensitivity, specificity, and precision using biological cut-off levels and statistical analysis.
Main Results:
- The multiplex assay successfully detected C3a, C5a, and sC5b-9 in serum, tears, and aqueous humor with high sensitivity.
- OSCC patients exhibited significantly increased systemic concentrations of C5a (p < 0.0001) and sC5b-9 (p = 0.01) compared to healthy controls.
- Elevated C5a levels correlated with tumor differentiation and OSCC extension, while sC5b-9 indicated infiltrating tumor growth and C3a associated with local spreading.
Conclusions:
- The validated multiplex complement activation assay is a sensitive tool for detecting key complement fragments.
- Systemic complement activation, particularly elevated C5a and sC5b-9, serves as a promising biomarker for assessing OSCC progression and tumor characteristics.
- These findings suggest the potential utility of complement activation markers in the clinical management of oral squamous cell carcinoma.
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