Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Pleiotropy01:33

Pleiotropy

43.4K
Pleiotropy is the phenomenon in which a single gene impacts multiple, seemingly unrelated phenotypic traits. For example, defects in the SOX10 gene cause Waardenburg Syndrome Type 4, or WS4, which can cause defects in pigmentation, hearing impairments, and an absence of intestinal contractions necessary for elimination. This diversity of phenotypes results from the expression pattern of SOX10 in early embryonic and fetal development. SOX10 is found in neural crest cells that form melanocytes,...
43.4K
The Arch of Aorta01:10

The Arch of Aorta

2.0K
The coronary arteries, originating from the ascending aorta, bifurcate from two sinuses located within the ascending aorta. Positioned just above the aortic semilunar valve, these sinuses house essential aortic baroreceptors and chemoreceptors, crucial for maintaining cardiac function. The left coronary artery and the right coronary artery branch off from the left posterior and anterior aortic sinuses, respectively.
Encircling the heart, the coronary arteries form a ring-like structure before...
2.0K
Constraints and Statical Determinacy01:26

Constraints and Statical Determinacy

1.0K
In structural engineering, the equilibrium of a system is not only determined by its equations of equilibrium but also with the help of constraints. Constraints refer to restrictions on the motion of a system. The proper combinations of constraints can minimize the total number of constraints needed to maintain a system in mechanical equilibrium. When this happens, the system is said to be statically determinate. For such systems, the unknown reaction supports can be estimated using equilibrium...
1.0K
Introduction to Developmental Psychology01:27

Introduction to Developmental Psychology

1.7K
Developmental psychology explores the changes and continuities in human abilities throughout life, encompassing physical, cognitive, linguistic, and social dimensions. Human development is not restricted to growth, but includes aspects of decline, particularly in physical abilities as individuals age. Developmental psychologists seek to understand how people change as they age and how their mental and social skills evolve.Developmental MilestonesA key concept in developmental psychology is...
1.7K
Three Developmental Domains01:29

Three Developmental Domains

1.2K
Human development is typically examined across three main domains: physical, cognitive, and socio-emotional. These domains represent the significant areas of change and continuity throughout the lifespan, from infancy to late adulthood.
Physical Development
Physical processes, also known as maturation, encompass the biological changes that occur across an individual's life. These changes begin with genetic inheritance and continue through various stages, including growth in height and weight,...
1.2K
Negative Regulator Molecules01:23

Negative Regulator Molecules

38.6K
Positive regulators allow a cell to advance through cell cycle checkpoints. Negative regulators have an equally important role as they terminate a cell’s progression through the cell cycle—or pause it—until the cell meets specific criteria.
38.6K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Revisiting the Palimpsest: Exploring the Interaction of the Variance and Structure of Developmental Determinants of Phenotypic Covariance.

Integrative and comparative biology·2026
Same author

Primary-Level Meta-Analysis of Diversity Outbred Mice Identifies a Fasting Plasma Trimethylamine N-Oxide (TMAO) Locus Modified by Sex and Diet.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Three-dimensional cellular dynamics and mandibular morphogenesis.

Frontiers in cell and developmental biology·2026
Same author

Using end-to-end attribution to link greenhouse gas emitters to child health outcomes.

Archives of disease in childhood·2026
Same author

Cryo-EM Structures of Brain-Derived G Protein-Coupled Receptors: The First Direct Visualization from Mammalian Brain Tissue.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

NBL1 associates with renal phenotypes in mice, but partial Nbl1 reduction does not ameliorate kidney disease.

American journal of physiology. Renal physiology·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 14, 2026

Real-Time Dynamic Navigation System for the Precise Quad-Zygomatic Implant Placement in a Patient with a Severely Atrophic Maxilla
05:54

Real-Time Dynamic Navigation System for the Precise Quad-Zygomatic Implant Placement in a Patient with a Severely Atrophic Maxilla

Published on: October 18, 2021

2.3K

Developmental constraint through negative pleiotropy in the zygomatic arch.

Christopher J Percival1, Rebecca Green2,3,4, Charles C Roseman5

  • 11Department of Anthropology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY USA.

Evodevo
|February 10, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Researchers found a genetic region that causes opposite growth effects in two skull bones, revealing insights into skull development and evolution. This negative pleiotropy helps maintain skull integration and constrains skull morphology.

Keywords:
CraniofacialDiversity OutbredIntegrationMicro-computed tomographyMorphometricsMus musculusQTL analysisRT-PCRSkull

More Related Videos

Visualization and Analysis of Pharyngeal Arch Arteries using Whole-mount Immunohistochemistry and 3D Reconstruction
10:02

Visualization and Analysis of Pharyngeal Arch Arteries using Whole-mount Immunohistochemistry and 3D Reconstruction

Published on: March 31, 2020

10.0K
Measuring the Complete-arch Distortion of an Optical Dental Impression
06:51

Measuring the Complete-arch Distortion of an Optical Dental Impression

Published on: May 30, 2019

8.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 14, 2026

Real-Time Dynamic Navigation System for the Precise Quad-Zygomatic Implant Placement in a Patient with a Severely Atrophic Maxilla
05:54

Real-Time Dynamic Navigation System for the Precise Quad-Zygomatic Implant Placement in a Patient with a Severely Atrophic Maxilla

Published on: October 18, 2021

2.3K
Visualization and Analysis of Pharyngeal Arch Arteries using Whole-mount Immunohistochemistry and 3D Reconstruction
10:02

Visualization and Analysis of Pharyngeal Arch Arteries using Whole-mount Immunohistochemistry and 3D Reconstruction

Published on: March 31, 2020

10.0K
Measuring the Complete-arch Distortion of an Optical Dental Impression
06:51

Measuring the Complete-arch Distortion of an Optical Dental Impression

Published on: May 30, 2019

8.1K

Area of Science:

  • Developmental biology
  • Genetics
  • Evolutionary biology
  • Skull morphology

Background:

  • Individual bone contributions to skull length vary between mouse strains.
  • Negative correlation between adjacent bone lengths may indicate negative pleiotropy.
  • Understanding negative pleiotropy is key to skull integration and developmental constraint.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the genetic basis of negative correlations between adjacent skull bone lengths.
  • To identify genetic factors contributing to negative pleiotropy in skull morphology.
  • To understand the role of negative pleiotropy in skull integration and evolutionary variation.

Main Methods:

  • Gene association mapping in a heterogeneous population of Diversity Outbred (DO) mice.
  • Identification of quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with bone length correlations.
  • Real-time PCR analysis of candidate gene expression in embryonic tissues.

Main Results:

  • Identified negative correlations between frontal and parietal bone lengths, and zygomatic and maxillary bone lengths.
  • Located a quantitative trait locus on chromosome 17 influencing zygomatic arch bone length antagonism.
  • Detected differential RNA expression of candidate genes Camkmt and Six2 in embryonic samples.

Conclusions:

  • A specific genomic region was identified as responsible for negative pleiotropy in zygomatic arch bone lengths.
  • This mechanism explains antagonistic bone growth while constraining overall zygomatic arch length.
  • Findings offer insights into the developmental basis of skull morphology variation and evolutionary constraint across mammals.