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Updated: Feb 14, 2026

Measuring Hypopharyngeal Gland Acinus Size in Honey Bee Apis mellifera Workers
Published on: September 14, 2018
Short-Term Exposure to Lambda-Cyhalothrin Negatively Affects the Survival and Memory-Related Characteristics of
Chun-Hua Liao1, Xu-Jiang He1, Zi-Long Wang1
1Honeybee Research Institute, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, China.
Abstract:
Pesticides are considered one of the major contemporary stressors of honey bee health. In this study, the effects of short-term exposure to lambda-cyhalothrin on lifespan, learning, and memory-related characteristics of Apis mellifera were systematically examined. Short-term exposure to lambda-cyhalothrin in worker bees reduced lifespan, affected learning and memory performance, reduced the homing ability, and influenced the expression levels of two learning and memory-related genes of A. mellifera. This research identifies the nature of the sublethal effects of lambda-cyhalothrin on bees and the level of exposure that can be harmful to bee health. This new information will assist in establishing guidelines for the safe use of lambda-cyhalothrin in the field.
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