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Published on: March 5, 2019
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Circadian processes in the RNA life cycle
Manon Torres1, Denis Becquet1, Jean-Louis Franc1
1CNRS, CRN2M-UMR7286, Faculté de Médecine Nord, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France.
Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews. RNA
|February 10, 2018
Summary
The circadian clock regulates gene expression through post-transcriptional RNA processing. These mechanisms, including splicing and RNA transport, fine-tune daily physiological rhythms in mammals.
Area of Science:
- * Molecular Biology
- * Chronobiology
- * Genetics
Background:
- * The circadian clock orchestrates daily physiological rhythms by regulating gene expression, impacting approximately 30% of expressed genes.
- * While core clock genes involve transcriptional-translational feedback loops, clock-controlled genes are influenced by additional regulatory layers.
- * Post-transcriptional mechanisms governing RNA processing are increasingly recognized as critical for circadian gene expression.
Purpose of the Study:
- * To review and summarize the current understanding of post-transcriptional circadian mechanisms in mammals.
- * To highlight the role of RNA processing steps in shaping circadian gene expression.
- * To consolidate knowledge on RNA splicing, modification, export, and degradation in the context of the circadian clock.
Main Methods:
- * Literature review of studies investigating circadian regulation of RNA processing.
- * Analysis of mechanisms including mRNA capping, alternative splicing, polyadenylation, RNA transport, and degradation.
- * Focus on mammalian systems and the involvement of specific RNA-binding proteins and structures like paraspeckles.
Main Results:
- * Circadian regulation impacts multiple stages of the RNA life cycle, including splicing efficiency and alternative splicing.
- * RNA stability is influenced by circadian control over polyadenylation tail length and site usage.
- * Circadian rhythms affect RNA transport via nuclear retention in paraspeckles and cytoplasmic export.
- * MicroRNA (miRNA)-mediated RNA degradation also exhibits circadian patterns.
Conclusions:
- * Post-transcriptional RNA processing mechanisms are integral to circadian gene expression in mammals.
- * These mechanisms provide additional layers of control beyond transcriptional regulation, contributing to the precise timing of physiological rhythms.
- * Understanding these pathways is crucial for deciphering the molecular basis of circadian biology and its impact on health.
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